File:DimaY2O3ethanol.jpg

D.Kouznetsov aligning the the experimental set-up to show that the Bisson effect has thermal origin. The video is available of one of the previous sets of experiments on the avalanche broadband emission with another holder designed to measure the electric conductivity at the Bisson effect.

The 16% doped $\rm Yb: Y_2 O_3$ sample is held with pincet at the 3-axes slidebase, and merged into the liquid in the transparent box. First, the ethanol was used, then it was replaced to water.

The pump is delivered from the left side and focused at the sample with the lens. The broadband avalanche emission (if any) is supposed to be registered with the spectral analyzer; while aligning the sample, the input port is moved out and seen at the upper side of the figure. The block for the detection of the temporal behavior of the broadband emission is moved to the right hand side of the optical bench and almost not seen.

Photo by S.T.Fredrich-Thornton (2007). The honest use is assumed, the source should be attributed.