Difference between revisions of "Kozato"

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(Created page with "<div style="float:right; margin:-70px -14px 0px 0px"> 200px<center> 小さいのKozato </center> 200px...")
 
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<div style="float:right; margin:-70px -14px 0px 0px">
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<div style="float:right; margin:-78px -14px 0px 0px">
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[[File:04379firstRefugeSma.jpg|200px]]<center>
 +
[[File:Istockphoto-162385826-612x612.jpg|290px]]<center>[[Kozato]], [[こざと]], hill(s)</center>
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[[小]]さいの[[Kozato]]
  
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</center>
  
   
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[[File:Uvarovo airview09.jpg|200px]]<center>
  
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[[Kozato]]
  
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</center>
  
   
  +
[[&#X2ECF;]], [[&#X2ED6;]], [[&#X961D;]] ([[JapanBeta]]) with the default fonts:
−
[[File:Village7.jpg|200px]]<center>
  
  +
−
[[⼤]]の[[Kozato]]
  
  +
[[File:BBBm1.png]] : [[JapanBeta]] at Mac
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</center>
  
  +
  +
[[File:BBBL1.png]] : [[JapanBeta]] at Linux
   
 
</div>
  
</div>
−
[[Kozato]] ([[こざと]], [[JapanBeta]]) is set of the following three [[Unicode]] characters:
 +
[[Kozato]] ([[こざと]]) is name notation for the [[Unicode]] character [[X2ED6]]&nbsp;[[&#X2ED6;]]&nbsp;<ref name="u2ed6">
  +
https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=2ED6
  +
[[⻖]]
  +
2ED6
  +
CJK RADICAL MOUND TWO
  +
Han Script
  +
id: allowed
  +
confuse: [[阝]] , [[⻏]] ..
  +
</ref>, [[KanjiRadical]], [[JapanBeta]].
  +
  +
[[Kozato]] can be pronounced as "kozato" or "kozatohen" and may refer to a hill, a mould.
  +
==Etymology==
  +
  +
Character [[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]] needs special name, that is easier to pronounce (and easier to remember), than [[X2ED6]].
  +
  +
The original Japanese Kanji [[&#X2ED6;]] cannot be used for the identification, because of the common defect of representation of the [[Unicode]] characters in the default font at the most of the operational systems.<br>
  +
Up to year 2021, there is no united standard for the default font, that would allow each Japanese character to look the same at various computers, but different from other characters.
  +
<br>
  +
In particular, characters
  +
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] ,
  +
[[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]] ,
  +
[[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]] ,
  +
look similar, although their default view depends on the computers.
  +
<div style="margin:0px -14px 0px -200px; background-color:white">
  +
<div style="margin:0px 0px 0px 30px; line-height:1.2em">
  +
  +
Even a native Japanese speaker, watching [[&#X2ECF;]] [[&#X2ED6;]] [[&#X961D;]] ,
  +
is unlikely to identify them, unlikely to answer:<br>
  +
Which of them is [[X2ECF]]?<br>
  +
Which of them is [[X2ED6]]?<br>
  +
Which of them is [[X961D]]?
  +
  +
In such a case, the correct specification of the character is
  +
"[[X2ECF]]&nbsp;[[&#X2ECF;]]&nbsp;or&nbsp;[[X2ED6]]&nbsp;[[&#X2ED6;]]&nbsp;or&nbsp;[[X961D]]&nbsp;[[&#X961D;]]"
  +
  +
Term [[JapanBeta]] is defined to substitute this construction with the single word.
  +
  +
However, sometimes, it is desired to specify the character; to indicate the specific element of set [[JapanBeta]].
  +
  +
Term [[Kozato]] is suggested for [[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]].
  +
  +
Name [[Kozato]] is Shosen in analogy with sound, that is usually attributed to character [[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]].
  +
  +
Note, that, by the definition, [[Kozato]] is not just Romanji transliteration of sound [[こざと]];
  +
sound [[こざと]] may refer to various characters, while [[Kozato]] refers to the single, unique character.
  +
  +
==[[JapanBeta]]==
  +
By definition,
  +
[[JapanBeta]] is set of the following three [[Unicode]] characters:
   
 
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] <ref name="u2ecf">
  
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] <ref name="u2ecf">
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id: allowed
  
id: allowed
 
confuse: [[⻖]] , [[阝]] ..
  
confuse: [[⻖]] , [[阝]] ..
−
</ref>, [[KanjiRadical]]
 +
</ref>, [[KanjiRadical]], [[Oozato]], town
   
 
[[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]] <ref name="u2ed6">
  
[[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]] <ref name="u2ed6">
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id: allowed
  
id: allowed
 
confuse: [[阝]] , [[⻏]] ..
  
confuse: [[阝]] , [[⻏]] ..
−
</ref>, [[KanjiRadical]]
 +
</ref>, [[KanjiRadical]], [[Kozato]], hill
   
 
[[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]] <ref name="u961d">
  
[[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]] <ref name="u961d">
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id: restricted
  
id: restricted
 
confuse: [[⻖]] , [[⻏]]
 
confuse: [[⻖]] , [[⻏]]
−
</ref>, [[KanjiLiberal]]
 +
</ref>, [[KanjiLiberal]], either town or hill
 
 
 
Each of characters [[kozato]] can be pronounced "Kozato" or "Oozato" or "kozatohen" and refer to a geographic place, village, country, city, hill, community <ref name="radicals">
  
Each of characters [[kozato]] can be pronounced "Kozato" or "Oozato" or "kozatohen" and refer to a geographic place, village, country, city, hill, community <ref name="radicals">
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..
  
..
 
</ref>
  
</ref>
−
==Phonetic and semantic==
  
   
  +
[[Kozato]] appears as element of set [[KanjiBeta]].
−
Character [[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]] seems to be more popular, than
 
−
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] and
  
−
[[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]]; pronunciation [[Kozato]] and semantic (village, place) of [[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]]
  
−
<ref name="jisho961d">
  
−
https://jisho.org/search/%23kanji%20阝
  
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[[阝]]
  
−
3 strokes
  
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Radical: mound, dam (阝 left) 阜 (阝)
  
−
Parts:
  
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place, left village radical - 2 stroke form (no. 170)
  
−
Kun: [[こざと]]
  
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</ref><ref name="Nihongomaster961d">
 
−
https://nihongomaster.com/japanese/dictionary/kanji/11467/阝
  
−
[[阝]]
  
−
3 Strokes
  
−
Definition of 阝
  
−
place
  
−
left village radical - 2 stroke form (no. 170)
  
−
Readings
  
−
On'Yomi (音読み) Kun'yomi (訓読み)
  
−
こざと
  
−
</ref> is attributed to all [[Kozato]] characters.
  
   
  +
==Phonetic==
−
Characters [[Kozato]] look similar and cause confusion.
  
−
Word [[Kozato]] can be used as the recognizable substitute.
  
   
  +
[[Kozato]] refers to the specific character [[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]], not to the sound [[こざと]].
−
In the vulgar interpretation, term [[Kozato]] can be considered as Romanji writing of sound of each of the three characters. However, just for the sound, the Hiragana writing [[こざと]] seems to be more suitable.
  
   
  +
In particular, character [[Kozato]] can be pronounced [[こざと]] or [[こざとへん]] or in any other way, that is allowed for character [[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]].
−
==Graphic==
  
−
<div style="margin:0px -14px 0px -200px; background-color:#ffFFff">
  
−
<div style="margin:0px 0px 0px 30px; line-height:1.2em">
  
−
Characters [[Kozato]] look very similar (at Macintosh, they look the same). This is typical for Japanese characters, while the computer support of Japanese language is still underdeveloped.
  
   
  +
==Use==
−
Up to year 2021, yet, there is no united standard of the default font for Japanese characters, that would allow each character to look the same at various computers, but different from other characters.
  
−
Such a font would allow to give different meaning to the [[Kozato]] characters <ref>
 +
Character [[Kozato]] is not so usual by itself. The same refers also to other [[JapanBeta]] characters.
−
Giving different pictures to the [[Kazato]] characters could make Japanese more informative. For example, character
  
−
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] could mean a small village, character
  
−
[[X2ED6]] [[&#X2ED6;]] cold mean an intermediate village, and character
  
−
[[X961D]] [[&#X961D;]] could be used to indicate a big village or a small town.
  
−
</ref>. Yet, it is difficult to predict how long the graphic representation of characters [[Kozato]] will remain look similar.
  
   
  +
Image or character [[Kozato]] appears as element of images of more complicated kanjis.
−
While this fault is not fixed, term [[Kozato]] can be used instead of any of characters [[&#X2ECF;]], [[&#X2ED6;]], [[&#X961D;]];
  
−
such a notation is expected to reduce amount of the confusions.
  
   
  +
Symbol [[Kozato]] appears at the left hand side of the image.
−
At least until year 2021, all the [[Kozato]] character look the same,
  
  +
Namely in this way it is identified in recognition and interpretation of the Japanese kanjis.
−
similar to Greek letter \(\beta\). This similarity is used for the alternative, pictorial name [[JapanBeta]] that means the same as [[Kozato]].
  
  +
  +
If similar structure appears at the right hand side of the image, it is interpreted as
  +
[[Oozato]], [[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]], and refers so a village, town rather than to a hill.
  +
  +
Here are examples of use of picture of [[Kozato]], id est, that [[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] (in the sense mentioned) at the left hand side of kanjis:
  +
  +
[[X963B]] [[&#X963B;]] (ソ, はば.む) thwart; separate from; prevent; obstruct; deter; impede <ref>
  +
http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/963b.htm
  +
[[阻]]
  +
thwart
  +
thwart; separate from; prevent; obstruct; deter; impede
  +
ソ
  +
はば.む
  +
..
  +
Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly
  +
</ref>
  +
  +
[[X9632]] [[&#X9632;]] (ボウ, ふせ.ぐ) prevent; defend; protect; resist; ward off
  +
<ref>
  +
http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/9632.htm
  +
[[防]]
  +
prevent
  +
prevent; defend; protect; resist; ward off
  +
ボウ
  +
ふせ.ぐ
  +
..
  +
Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly
  +
</ref>
  +
  +
[[X963F]] [[&#X963F;]] (ア, お、おもね.る) Africa; flatter; fawn upon; corner; nook; recess
  +
<ref>
  +
http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/963f.htm
  +
阿
  +
Africa
  +
Africa; flatter; fawn upon; corner; nook; recess
  +
ア
  +
お、おもね.る
  +
..
  +
Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly
  +
</ref>
   
 
==Synonyms==
  
==Synonyms==
  +
There are several kanjis, that have meaning similar to [[Kozato]]. The two examples are suggested below:
  +
 
<!--[[⾢]]!-->[[X2FA2]] [[&#X2FA2;]] むら, community <ref name="radicals"/>
  
<!--[[⾢]]!-->[[X2FA2]] [[&#X2FA2;]] むら, community <ref name="radicals"/>
   
−
<!--[[⾩]]!-->[[X2FA9]] [[&#X2FA9;]] こざと, hill <ref name="radicals"/>
 +
<!--[[⾩]]!-->[[X2FA9]] [[&#X2FA9;]] こざと, hill <ref name="radicals"/>.
  +
  +
==Omonims==
  +
  +
Some characters have the same sound [[こざと]];
  +
some of them even have the same meaning, as [[Kozato]].
  +
But they are not qualified as [[Kozato]].
  +
  +
In the similar way, some characters may have graphical representation similar to that of [[Kozato]].
  +
They can be qualified as confusions (caused by the poor implementation of the Japanese characters), but not as [[Kozato]].
  +
  +
[[Kozato]] refers to the specific character, with its specific encoding,
  +
and should not be mixed with other character.
  +
  +
Avoiding of such confusions is the main reason for the definition of term [[Kozato]].
   
 
==Warning==
  
==Warning==
 
Meaning of kanjis in TORI is constructed based on the descriptions in the dictionaries cited.
  
Meaning of kanjis in TORI is constructed based on the descriptions in the dictionaries cited.
−
This is first approach, necessary to establish nomenclature of Japanese characters.
 +
This is first step, to establish nomenclature of Japanese characters.
 
It is necessary to reveal the confusions, as some characters happen to look very similar;
  
It is necessary to reveal the confusions, as some characters happen to look very similar;
  +
and some go them sound very similar.
−
the confusions disturb preparation and analysis of texts in Japanese; so, this part of job should be done first.
  
  +
The confusions disturb preparation and analysis of texts in Japanese; so, this part of job should be done first.
   
 
The second approach should include the analysis of the practical of use of the characters in applied (not related to learning of Japanese) texts.
  
The second approach should include the analysis of the practical of use of the characters in applied (not related to learning of Japanese) texts.
Line 137: Line 207:
 
[[KanjiRadical]] ,
  
[[KanjiRadical]] ,
 
[[Kozato]],
  
[[Kozato]],
  +
[[Town]],
 
[[Unicode]],
  
[[Unicode]],
 
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] ,
  
[[X2ECF]] [[&#X2ECF;]] ,
Line 149: Line 220:
 
[[Category:Japanese]]
  
[[Category:Japanese]]
 
[[Category:Kanji]]
  
[[Category:Kanji]]
−
[[Category:KanjiConfudal]]
  
−
[[Category:KanjiLiberal]]
  
 
[[Category:KanjiRadical]]
  
[[Category:KanjiRadical]]
 
[[Category:Kozato]]
  
[[Category:Kozato]]

Revision as of 21:10, 26 August 2021

Istockphoto-162385826-612x612.jpg
Kozato, こざと, hill(s)


⻏, ⻖, 阝 (JapanBeta) with the default fonts:

BBBm1.png : JapanBeta at Mac

BBBL1.png : JapanBeta at Linux

Kozato (こざと) is name notation for the Unicode character X2ED6 ⻖ [1], KanjiRadical, JapanBeta.

Kozato can be pronounced as "kozato" or "kozatohen" and may refer to a hill, a mould.

Etymology

Character X2ED6 ⻖ needs special name, that is easier to pronounce (and easier to remember), than X2ED6.

The original Japanese Kanji ⻖ cannot be used for the identification, because of the common defect of representation of the Unicode characters in the default font at the most of the operational systems.
Up to year 2021, there is no united standard for the default font, that would allow each Japanese character to look the same at various computers, but different from other characters.
In particular, characters X2ECF ⻏ , X2ED6 ⻖ , X961D 阝 , look similar, although their default view depends on the computers.

Even a native Japanese speaker, watching ⻏ ⻖ 阝 , is unlikely to identify them, unlikely to answer:
Which of them is X2ECF?
Which of them is X2ED6?
Which of them is X961D?

In such a case, the correct specification of the character is "X2ECF ⻏ or X2ED6 ⻖ or X961D 阝"

Term JapanBeta is defined to substitute this construction with the single word.

However, sometimes, it is desired to specify the character; to indicate the specific element of set JapanBeta.

Term Kozato is suggested for X2ED6 ⻖.

Name Kozato is Shosen in analogy with sound, that is usually attributed to character X2ED6 ⻖.

Note, that, by the definition, Kozato is not just Romanji transliteration of sound こざと; sound こざと may refer to various characters, while Kozato refers to the single, unique character.

JapanBeta

By definition, JapanBeta is set of the following three Unicode characters:

X2ECF ⻏ [2], KanjiRadical, Oozato, town

X2ED6 ⻖ [1], KanjiRadical, Kozato, hill

X961D 阝 [3], KanjiLiberal, either town or hill

Each of characters kozato can be pronounced "Kozato" or "Oozato" or "kozatohen" and refer to a geographic place, village, country, city, hill, community [4]

Kozato appears as element of set KanjiBeta.

Phonetic

Kozato refers to the specific character X2ED6 ⻖, not to the sound こざと.

In particular, character Kozato can be pronounced こざと or こざとへん or in any other way, that is allowed for character X2ED6 ⻖.

Use

Character Kozato is not so usual by itself. The same refers also to other JapanBeta characters.

Image or character Kozato appears as element of images of more complicated kanjis.

Symbol Kozato appears at the left hand side of the image. Namely in this way it is identified in recognition and interpretation of the Japanese kanjis.

If similar structure appears at the right hand side of the image, it is interpreted as Oozato, X2ECF ⻏, and refers so a village, town rather than to a hill.

Here are examples of use of picture of Kozato, id est, that X2ECF ⻏ (in the sense mentioned) at the left hand side of kanjis:

X963B 阻 (ソ, はば.む) thwart; separate from; prevent; obstruct; deter; impede [5]

X9632 防 (ボウ, ふせ.ぐ) prevent; defend; protect; resist; ward off [6]

X963F 阿 (ア, お、おもね.る) Africa; flatter; fawn upon; corner; nook; recess [7]

Synonyms

There are several kanjis, that have meaning similar to Kozato. The two examples are suggested below:

X2FA2 ⾢ むら, community [4]

X2FA9 ⾩ こざと, hill [4].

Omonims

Some characters have the same sound こざと; some of them even have the same meaning, as Kozato. But they are not qualified as Kozato.

In the similar way, some characters may have graphical representation similar to that of Kozato. They can be qualified as confusions (caused by the poor implementation of the Japanese characters), but not as Kozato.

Kozato refers to the specific character, with its specific encoding, and should not be mixed with other character.

Avoiding of such confusions is the main reason for the definition of term Kozato.

Warning

Meaning of kanjis in TORI is constructed based on the descriptions in the dictionaries cited. This is first step, to establish nomenclature of Japanese characters. It is necessary to reveal the confusions, as some characters happen to look very similar; and some go them sound very similar. The confusions disturb preparation and analysis of texts in Japanese; so, this part of job should be done first.

The second approach should include the analysis of the practical of use of the characters in applied (not related to learning of Japanese) texts. Then, the semantic can be adjusted.

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=2ED6 ⻖ 2ED6 CJK RADICAL MOUND TWO Han Script id: allowed confuse: 阝 , ⻏ ..
  2. ↑ https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=2ECF ⻏ 2ECF CJK RADICAL CITY Han Script id: allowed confuse: ⻖ , 阝 ..
  3. ↑ https://util.unicode.org/UnicodeJsps/character.jsp?a=961D 阝 961D CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-961D Han Script id: restricted confuse: ⻖ , ⻏
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 https://kanjialive.com/214-traditional-kanji-radicals/ The 214 traditional kanji radicals and their variants .. ⻏ .. village, country, city おおざと a variant of ⾢（むら） Important .. ⻖ .. hill, mound こざとへん a variant of ⾩（こざと） Important ..
  5. ↑ http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/963b.htm 阻 thwart thwart; separate from; prevent; obstruct; deter; impede ソ はば.む .. Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly
  6. ↑ http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/9632.htm 防 prevent prevent; defend; protect; resist; ward off ボウ ふせ.ぐ .. Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly
  7. ↑ http://www.manythings.org/kanji/d/963f.htm 阿 Africa Africa; flatter; fawn upon; corner; nook; recess ア お、おもね.る .. Copyright © 2005 by Charles Kelly

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