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\begin{document}

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\begin{flushleft} 
{\Large \textbf{Place of science in the human knowledge}}\\[5mm]
{\large \textbf{Dmitrii Kouznetsov$^\mathrm{1^*}$}}\\[3mm]
DOI: \\[6pt]
Compiled \today
\footnote{\emph{\hspace*{-0.65 cm}{$^\mathrm{1}${\footnotesize \it 
Institute for Laser Science, University of Electro-Communications,\\
1-5-1 Chofugaoka, Chofushi, Tokyo, 182-8585, Japan
%Research laboratory in Engineering (LRI), University
%Hassan II of Casablanca, National Higher School of Electricity and Mechanics,
%Equipe S\'{e}curit\'{e}, Syst\`{e}mes \& Mod\'{e}lisations. 
%ENSEM, BP. 8118, Km7, Morocco.
}\\
*Corresponding author: E-mail: dmitriikouznetsov@gmail.com;}}}
\end{flushleft}
{\rule{\linewidth}{1pt}}\\[3mm]
%\footnotesize
{\Large \textbf{ABSTRACT}}\\[3mm]
{
%\footnotesize 
The simple model for the classification of knowledge is suggested. The four types of knowledge are considered: customs, arts, religions and sciences. 
The strict definition of science is suggested to distinguish it from
other kinds of knowledge and from pseudo-science. 
The model indicates the methodology of the scientific research that is aimed to avoid conflicts between science and other kinds of knowledge.
This approach is suggested to exclude some concepts from the scientific knowledge by some formal criteria at very beginning of the consideration.
}\\[1mm]

\noindent
\footnotesize{\it{Keywords:} 
Fundementals of physics, Metodology, Mizugadro, Physical mathematics, Religion, Science, TORI Axioms.
%p(x)-laplacian equation; existence; uniqueness; numerical blow-up; variable
%exponents; \quad\indent\quad\indent difference method.
}\\[3mm]
\footnotesize{\bf{2020 Mathematics Subject Classification:} 
00A30; %Philosophy of mathematics
00A35; %Methodology of mathematics 
00A99. %None of the above, but in this section
%35K55; 35J62; 35G55.
}
\afterpage{
\fancyhead{} \fancyfoot{}
\fancyfoot[R]{\footnotesize\thepage}
\fancyhead[R]{\scriptsize\it 
New Insights into Physical Science\\
Place of science in the human knowledge\\
}}
\normalsize
%\section{{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec1}}
\section{PREFACE\label{sec1}}

\begin{wrapfigure}{r}{110pt}
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\put(-9,0){\scalebox{0.33}{\includegraphics{Podvig-barona.jpg}}}
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%\caption{Idea of inertioid \cite{kis,anek}}
\vskip -4pt \small
Fig.1. \\
Idea of inertioid \cite{kis,anek,sudakov}\vskip -.4pt
\end{wrapfigure}
This research is motivated by huge amount of fake results. Many of them pretend to be scientific. 
Especially grave the frauds are in Russia, due to the total corruption \cite{cor}.
%The reports make an impression, that in Russia, there exist the special pseudo-scientific academy, called ``Russian Academy of Natural Sciences'', raen  (the abbreviation of the transliteration ``Rossijskaya Akademiya Estestvennykh Nauk''), and the ``academicians'' of raen make mainly pseudo-science and use huge governmental foundation for this.
An example \cite{kis,anek,sudakov} of a fraud is shown in Fig.1. 
 
The bulletin \cite{krugintro} collects warnings about the danger tendencies in the development of the Russian science in century 21, and indicates many cases of the abuse. 

The abilities of pseudo-scientists to publish fricks greatly exceed the abilities of enthusiasts to analyze and to criticise them. Then, the budget used for the money laundering, leaving no support for the scientific research.
%The critics of pseudoscientific publications is not efficient: abilities of the corrupted administration to publish fricks greatly exceed the abilities of scientists to analyze them. 
We need 
%Elaboration of 
formal criteria to identify pseudo-scientific results.
% very important. 
Such criteria are main topic of this article. The criteria use the classification \cite{rus,indi} of the Human knowledge, mentioned in the title.

The Russian version of this article \cite{rus} provides the definition of science, that allows to qualify some results as non-scientific by the formal criteria, at very beginning of the consideration.
That definition follows from the simple exercise \cite{indi}, which, in its turn, is based on the ideas of refutability of scientific concepts, these ideas had been developed by Karl Popper \cite{pop1,pop2,pop3} in the past century.
However, the similar phenomena of pseudo-science take place not only in Russia; this motivates me to make this English version.% Below, some parts from the Russian version are expressed in English.

\section{ABOUT TRUE}

Often, it is supposed, that the scientific research is true, correct, and the pseudo-scientific research is false, wrong, non-correct; 
so, for the qualification of any concept, it is sufficient to check it, to verify it, and, if it is wrong, to reject is. 
Such a common sense looks reasonable, but the abilities of pseudo-scientists to write the wrong papers and get foundation for pseudo-science 
greatly exceeds the abilities of scientists to criticize them, to reveal errors and to indicate, that some research is just wrong. 

In this paper, the different approach is suggested. The idea is not to criticize each wrong concept,
but to suggest the narrow definition of term ``Science'' in such a way, that any concept can be qualified as ``scientific'' or ``non-scientific'',
 whenever this concept is correct or wrong. 
 This cannot substitute the common sense, mentioned above, but gives some formal criteria, that allow to reduce the amount of results, that deserve serious consideration. 

Many Russian colleagues at school had to accept the strange concepts:\\
1. {\em Our Universe is infinite both in space and in time.}\\
2. {\em For photosynthesis, the green leaves use the central part of the visible spectrum of solar light}.\\
3. {\em The gradual evolution of a species with genotype of 48 chromosomes (monkey) leaded to the new specie with genotype of 46 chromosomes (mankind).}\\
4. {\em The communism in the USSR will occur within 20 years} \cite{lenin20,program}\\
Such concepts were suggested at the Soviet schools as a ``scientific truths". 
 However, they are neither true, nor even scientific. At least they do not fit the definition of science, suggested below in section 8.\\
The list of popular wrong concepts could be much longer; many of then can be qualified as {\em sovetism},
that appears as a kind of religion, although the teachers had declared them to be scientific facts.

The goal of this article is systematization, classification of the knowledge in such a way,
  that many pseudo-scientific concepts can be disqualified at once.
  The formalism had constructed for Physics (for needs of the Quantum Optics and Laser Science), but it applies also to other sciences.

In this work, the simple model of the classification of the human knowledge is suggested. This model includes only four categories:
 {\bf customs}, {\bf arts}, {\bf religions} and {\bf sciences}.
  The definition of science had appeared first in the short version about non-traditional concepts \cite{indi}.
Here, knowledge is ability to generalize the experience in a compact form and to transfer it to other individuals. 
Religions are important kind of knowledge \cite{religion}, and they should be distinguished from sciences. 
%So, this article deals with both sciences and religions.

%\section{\uppercase{Objectivity}}
\section{OBJECTIVITY}
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%\caption{Idea of inertioid \cite{kis,anek}}
\scalebox{.96}{Karl Popper, 1980}\vskip -4pt
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Past century, 
Karl Popper had formulated the criteria that allows to identify the special, extremely efficient kind of human knowledge \cite{pop1,pop2,pop3}. He called 
%this kind of knowledge
it {\em science}, although the term {\em science} was used before in a little bit different meaning; that meaning included the claim of objectivity: {\em I frame no hypothesis}, Isaac Newton wrote \cite{newton}.
Roughly speaking, the science was considered to be a true, that does not need any refutation. %\cite{brain}. 
Popper, contrary, suggests the criterion of refutability as the key property of science, modifying the meaning of term ``science''.

For Popper, the thing that makes a concept {\em scientific} is 
not its {\em objectivity}, but the possibility to verify it, to falsify it, to criticise it arguably and to refute it
%Here is copypast 
%from 
\cite{pop1}:

%\begin{widetext}
{\parindent 0pt 
\small
%\footnotesize
\baselineskip 2pt
\em
%\setlength{\baselineskip}{6pt}
%\setlength{\baselineskip}{13pt}
%\renewcommand\baselinestretch{.2}

1. It is easy to obtain confirmations, or verifications, for nearly every theory -- if we look for confirmations.\\[2pt]
2. Confirmations should count only if they are the result of risky predictions; that is to say, if, unenlightened by the theory in question, we should have expected an event which was incompatible with the theory — an event which would have refuted the theory.\\[2pt]
3. Every ``good'' scientific theory is a prohibition: it forbids certain things to happen. The more a theory forbids, the better it is.\\[2pt]
4. A theory which is not refutable by any conceivable event is non-scientific. Irrefutability is not a virtue of a theory (as people often think) but a vice.\\[2pt]
5. Every genuine test of a theory is an attempt to falsify it, or to refute it. Testability is falsifiability; but there are degrees of testability: some theories are more testable, more exposed to refutation, than others; they take, as it were, greater risks.\\[2pt]
6. Confirming evidence should not count except when it is the result of a genuine test of the theory; and this means that it can be presented as a serious but unsuccessful attempt to falsify the theory. (I now speak in such cases of ``corroborating evidence''.)\\[2pt]
7. Some genuinely testable theories, when found to be false, are still upheld by their admirers — for example by introducing ad hoc some auxiliary assumption, or by reinterpreting the theory ad hoc in such a way that it escapes refutation. Such a procedure is always possible, but it rescues the theory from refutation only at the price of destroying, or at least lowering, its scientific status.
% (I later described such a rescuing operation as a "conventionalist twist" or a "conventionalist stratagem.")
%One can sum up all this by saying that the criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its falsifiability, or refutability, or testability.
}
\vskip 4pt
%\end{widetext}

The requirement of refutability opposes the {\em believe} in the ability to get some {\em objective} knowledge
%that concept can be expressed as follows 
\cite{teplov}:\\
{\em
%\small
\footnotesize
\parindent 0pt
Objective truth is that part of our knowledge which correctly reflects reality and does not depend upon the subject, i.e. on human consciousness and will. Objective method, therefore, means the method that leads to knowledge of objective truth. For materialism, ‘the recognition of objective truth is fundamental’; consequently all materialist science must be objective in method.
}

%According to this point of view, 
However, there where were still some doubts about the humanitarian science,
%, in particular the psychology, 
but the {\em objectivity} of the natural sciences was {\em believed} to be well established and irrefutable. 
Popper denies even this belief. This was not accepted \cite{nop} by several researchers; they suggest the non-refutable concepts in hope, that they do namely science, but not a religion. However, the qualification of such activity as {\em science} or {\em religion} depends on definition of science and on definition of religion. 
This indicates the need to elaborate the appropriate definitions, they are provided below in the special sections. 
The human knowledge is classified a way, that does not allow science to deal with non-refutable concepts.

Many authors pretend, that their results are {\em true}; so true, they do not need to allow 
any refutation (sometimes, the term {\em falsification} is used in the similar meaning).
This leads to the growth of various pseudosciences, which 
may be extremely efficient in getting foundation, but useless in any other application.

The identification of pseudoscience versus science is not trivial. It is especially grave in Russia:
in the USSR, in its time, even the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, cybernetics were suppressed as pseudosciences \cite{sonin}; 
the genetics and psychiatry were exterminated \cite{soy,stone,bonnie,stephen,shizo}.
The destructive activity was accompanied with demagogy about ``objectivity", science and pseudoscience.

Even defenders of the {\em objectivity} mention the danger of pseudoscience \cite{krug}. Both pseudoscience and the struggle against it are dangerous for science \cite{gin}, while the development of science should allow the {\em scientific revolutions} \cite{kuhn}. The distinguishing between science and pseudoscience is necessary. The criteria to identify science should be adjusted; this is one of goals of this article.

The conflict between the interpretation of science by K.Popper and that by the objectivism is terminological: what kind of knowledge do we call ``science''.
Below, the terminology is adjusted; in this article, the term ``science'' in used in the Popper's interpretation; however, even more requirements on the scientific hypothesis are formulated.

The classification suggested below does not refer to the correctness or wrongness of a concept. Even the concept about the existence of the ``Mizugadro's number'' \cite{mizu} (which seems to be completely wrong) should be considered as scientific, if the ways of the verification and the negation are indicated. Then, the classification easy accepts the less radical ``scientific revolutions'' such as, negation of concepts of the universal time for all observers, or that of trajectory as universal description of movement, or that of conservation of number of atoms of each kind in any isolated system. 
Even hypothesis that implies violation of law of conservation energy-momentum in a closed system,
or hypothesis about non-conservation of number of dollars in a financial pyramid can be considered as scientific,
if this violation is declared by the author(s) and a way to reject, refute this hypothesis is suggested.

%\vskip 4mm
%\section{\uppercase{Pseudoscience}}
%\section{PSEUDOSCIENCE}
{\bf Pseudo-science} can be defined as any knowledge (perhaps, wrong knowledge), that pretends to be science, being no science. Then, the pseudo-science is determined as soon as Science is defined.

The pseudo-science may have various forms, lake a computer virus. If the operational system has
a backdoor, the significant part of the resources is spent to identify the new and new viruses in order to disable them. The more appropriate solution is some ``open'' operational systems that have internal protection and have no need to be a secret (and may be open to public). Dealing exclusively with such open operational systems, one has no need to fight against viruses. 

In the similar way, it is vain to identify and classify all kinds of pseudosciences one by one. 
%in the sense that applies to the concepts by Lysenko and Petrick, torsion fields and the cold nuclear fusion; there may be huge variety of misinformations that pretend to be knowledge; it is vain to identify them one by one.
Following Karl Popper, one should accept, that the main property, that distinguishes science from religions (whenever the concepts are true or false),
is neither an {\em objectivity}, nor a {\em truth} of concept, but the way the concept is constructed and its attitude with respect to other concepts. 
The scientific concept may be false, but it should provide ways to reveal it; then, even if the concept is wrong, it remains scientific.

If Liugi Gavani, after his experiments with the electric excitation of muscles of dead frogs \cite{galvani}
would begin to eliminate and to destroy the colleagues, who had expressed doubts in his results
(instead of to allow them to reproduce the effect), then,
such a ``galvanism'' should be qualified as pseudoscience (although his experiment is easy to reproduce).

In order to identify a pseudo-science, this paper suggests to classify the human knowledge and indicate the place of science there. Then, all the rest will be pseudo-science.

%\section{\uppercase{Customs}}
\section{CUSTOMS}

\begin{wrapfigure}{r}{94pt}
%\begin{wrapfigure}{r}{0.2\textwidth}
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\put(2,0){\scalebox{0.26}{\includegraphics{drunk051.jpg}}}
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%\caption{Idea of inertioid \cite{anek}}
\vskip -4pt
{\small Fig.2. Custom \cite{kran}}\vskip -8pt
\end{wrapfigure}

The category of customs includes not only the commonly accepted behavior of humans, but also 
the habitual semantics of commonly used human languages.
Even the custom habit to drink vodka from the bottle, shown in Fig.2, should be considered as knowledge.
Meaning of words is also custom.

The usual meaning of the Bible is custom, widely accepted in the Christian community.
The sentence {\em You shall love your neighbor as yourself} allows various interpretations
%, including the homosexual orientation of Jesus Christ 
\cite{jesus,jesusgay}, dependently on the meaning of the word {\em love} and its Hebrew and Aramaic equivalents. 
Some an interpretations are not popular; so, they are not a custom. The interpretations of the New Testament by 
Tim Rice \cite{tim} and that Michael Bulgakov \cite{bulgakov}, due to the wide spreading, 
can be qualified not only as an art, but also as a custom, at least in certain literature or musical communities.
Such an interpretation should be qualified a knowledge. In such a way, the meaning of words appear as a knowledge.

The folklore also falls in the category of custom. It is any knowledge that is difficult to investigate by the any systematic methods.
Any legend, story, narration leaves from category folklore, from category ``custom'' and becomes art or even science (history),
as soon as it is written, published, exposed and considered in a scientific way as a historic evidence.

The semantics of the human languages and their understanding, the meaning of words is important part of a language.
It forms the most important part of the human knowledge.
Namely this kind of knowledge gives sense to other 
kinds of knowledge, considered below.
%\vskip 4mm

%\section{\uppercase{Arts}}
\section{ARTS}

\setcounter{figure}{2}
Few examples of objects I consider as art \cite{art}are shown in fig.3. 
\begin{figure}[t]
%\scalebox{.18}{\includegraphics{02178SnowGirlShokaFragment,jpg}}
%\scalebox{.06}{\includegraphics{Tsuru01s.png}}
%\scalebox{.30}{\includegraphics{KouznetsovPaintFlowers018}}
%\scalebox{.36}{\includegraphics{KouznetsovPaintSky019.jpg}}
%\scalebox{.60}{\includegraphics{MalevicCross}}

%\includegraphics[height=1.45in]{02178SnowGirlShokaFragment}
%{\includegraphics[height=1.45in]{1.png}}
{\includegraphics[height=1.22in]{02178SnowGirlShokaFragment}}
{\includegraphics[height=1.22in]{Tsuru01s.png}}
{\includegraphics[height=1.22in]{KouznetsovPaintFlowers018}}
{\includegraphics[height=1.22in]{KouznetsovPaintSky019}}
{\includegraphics[height=1.2in]{MalevicCross}}

%\caption
%{Fig.3. Arts: five examples by \cite{snow,tsuru,flower,fly,sky,malevic}}
{Fig.3. Arts: five examples of works by various artists \cite{snow,tsuru,flower,fly,malevic}}
\end{figure}
In order to be more specific, I suggest the definition below:

{\bf Art is 
any kind of 
knowledge that is free from internal rules and is realized in a reproducible form that allow its systematic investigation} 

Such a definition corresponds to a goal formulated in the introduction, although it slightly reduces the set of things which could be called {\em art}.
%; for example, the {\em art of intrigue} and 
%{\em art of picking up} do not fall into this category.
Usually a product of art has the following properties:
\vskip 1mm

{\bf A1}. Beauty: Here, the beauty is the extensive ability of any unexpected use.
The prehistoric hunter, painting and observing an image of an animal on a rock, may guess
% better, 
how to catch this animal; the reader, laughing on a comedy, may ask himself: {\em Either I am free from all the evils shown?} -- although the primary goal could be just laugh.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf A2}. Structureless. Intents to bring into the arts rules
%canons that would determine what is art and what is not,
are not efficient. The arts use all other knowledges; the same product may have both artistic and scientific value.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf A3}. Wisdom. 
A painter, a writer, any 
artists with their works say more, than they planned to say, and more, than they understand by themselves. In this sense, the product of art may be wiser than the author.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf A4}. 
Entirety. Intents to correct, to improve a product of art destroy it.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf A5}. Amoralism. Creatures that have goal to bring some moral to the society, have low artistic value if at all; the creature may violate any taboo of the society.
Including the religious ones. 
\vskip 1mm

There are special sciences about the art. 
Aiming the specific application of the classification, the topics of customs and arts are presented here only declaratively. 
\vskip 4mm

%\section{\uppercase{Religions}}
\section{RELIGIONS}


Religion is kind of the human knowledge based on some (specific for each religion) set of irrefutable  concepts, believes, texts, symbols and performances. \cite{religion}

Usually, any religion is characterized in the most of following: 
\vskip 1mm

{\bf R1.} The existence of at least one God is presumed.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf R2.} There exist canonical sacred text, that allow the humans to guess the will of God(s) and follow it.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf R3.} God like some actions of human, these actions are called Good.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf R4.} God dislike some actions of human, these actions are called Evil.

\vskip 1mm

{\bf R5.} The suggested set of concepts pretends to play an organizing role in the society:
The following to namely this religion provides abilities for the kindness, prudence and wisdom significantly wider,
than any other religions.
\vskip 1mm

It this article, God is generic term denoting any intelligent subject that in some way (that is not available for humans) has abilities that greatly exceed those of a human. Actions related to these abilities are called miracles, marvels. 

God may look like a human (Jesus Christ, Buddha, Lenin), but also can be ``non-material''
(God - Holy Spirit, World Revolution, Marxism). God may be omnipotent (almighty), invincible, immortal and predicts future:\\
{\small\noindent
{\em The Marxist doctrine is omnipotent because it is true.} \cite{lenin13}\\
{\small\em Long live invincible marxism-leninism-mao tsetung tonight.} \cite{hua}\\
%{\em Lenin is always alive, Lenin is always with you,... Lenin is in you and me},
%\cite{mayako}
{\em Lenin lived, Lenin lives, and Lenin will live.} \cite{mayako}\\
%\cite{gim}.
{\em The generation of those who are now fifteen will see a communist society, and will itself build this society.}
\cite{lenin20}\\
{\em The immortal beacon of Comrade Stalin will forever illuminate the path on which the Chinese people march forward.} \cite{mao}\\
%\cite{mao},
% èëè
{\em And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them;
and they shall afflict them four hundred years}\cite{avraam}.
}

%Religions are not required to be self-consistent; they provide a universal 
%(and unique within each religion) 
%set of concepts and rules:
{\em
World religions, each in their own way, offer a unique set of moral values and rules to guide
human beings in their relationship with the environment} \cite{dwi}. 

Often, such rules are presumed to be {\em truth} without limits and alternatives:\\
{\parindent 0pt
%; all other religions as wrong:
{\em \small The law of the LORD is perfect, restoring the soul;
The testimony of the LORD is sure, making wise the simple.} \cite{LORD}\\
{\em \small ... he who chooses a religion other than Islam, it will not be accepted from him, and in the everlasting life he will be among the losers.}
\cite{islam}}
%{\em ... doctrine is omnipotent because it is true}. \cite{lenin13}

The general concept of religion is illustrated in fig.4.
\begin{figure}[b]
%\begin{picture}(500,300)
%\put(0,160){\scalebox{.3}{\includegraphics{2005tihomirov.jpg}}}
%\put(200,200){\scalebox{.3}{\includegraphics{ReligionMasian.jpg}}}
%\put(0,0){\scalebox{.3}{\includegraphics{nire.jpg}}}
%\end{picture}
\includegraphics[height=1.86in]{2005tihomirov.jpg}\hskip -2pt
\includegraphics[height=1.86in]{nire.jpg}\hskip -1pt
\includegraphics[height=1.86in]{ReligionMasian.jpg}
Fig.4. Religions: illuatrations by S.Tihomirov \cite{tihomirov}, V.Shmakov \cite{nire}, O.Kuvaev \cite{kuvaev} 
\end{figure}
Some religions do not identify themselves as religions, pretending to be sciences.
\cite{barbara,georg}. The adepts consider their own belief as the only true concept,
deny the dogmatic character of their believes \cite{dogma}
and treat any deviant behavior as crime, heresy and mental illness; the wrong-believers are punished or undergo the forced medical treatment
\cite{stone,bonnie,stephen,shizo,mad}. 
Some religions justify lies, sacrifices, betrays, massacre, murdering and wars, if they serve 
the needs of 
God: {\em You cannot make revolution in white gloves} \cite{white}.

Most of religions avoid any refutable concepts. The concept is called refutable, if (and only if) in terms if this concept, some specific observation can be described that negates the concept. For example, the statement
{\em The Party officially declares: The current generation of the soviet people will live in communism} \cite{prog}
is refutable: based of such a declaration, the next generations (say, since year 1980) may shame judge and punish, execute the soviet veterans as liars and impostors.
%allow the nest generation to qualify as impostors the soviet veterans that were members of that party or supported that religion.
%The acceptance of refutable (testble) concepts makes the religion unstable
Within few generations after creation of a new religion, it abandons and forgets all its refutable concepts and becomes more stable. Here are the examples of irrefutable concepts:
{\em God blesses America}, or {\em Imperialism is evil}, or
{\em God gives the immortal soul to everyone}, or {\em The righteous will be at Heaven}.

The canonic texts describe the marvels, miracles that are specific for each religion.
The miracle may refer to the magic conversion of water into vine, to the drastic increase of the efficiency
of the production by the inspiration of the F\"uhrer, catching of the spies by children, destruction of an army of the enemy tanks by several heroic soldiers launching grenades, etc.

%\cite{lenin13},
%\cite{pravoslavietrue}, 
%\cite{hinduismtrue}.

The definition in the beginning of the section does not specify features R1-R5 as necessary;
so, many kinds of knowledge falls into the definition of religion. In particular, it includes
the {\em shintoism} \cite{shinto} and the {\em civil religions} \cite{masahiko,civ1,civ2,civ3}, although these religions do not pretend to be the ``only true'' knowledge and Gods in these religions are not omnipotent.

Religions form significant part of the human knowledge and play important role in the human history.
While a religion is tolerant with respect to other kinds of knowledge (and in particular, to other religions), it may assist the 
%stable and 
prosper development of the society.
No one religion can substitute other kinds of knowledge, end even other religions, as one specific science cannot substitute all other sciences.
The society, where any religion dominates in an aggressive way,
%with respect to other kinds of human knowledge
becomes barbarian compared to other countries within few generations; the people of such a society loss the ability to analyze the information. 
\vskip 4mm

%\section{Sciences}
\section{SCIENCES}
As it was mentioned in the second section, the term ``science'' may have different meanings.
Following K.Popper, in this article, this term applies only to a refutable knowledge.
In order to distinguish science at the background of pseudoscience and religion,
the term {\em science} should be defined as follows:

{\bf
Science is kind of knowledge, activity and notations, 
based on concepts that have all the six properties below:}
\vskip 1mm

{\bf S1.} 
{\bf Applicability:} Each concept has the limited range of validity, distinguishable from the empty set.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf S2.} 
{\bf Verifiability:}
In the terms of the already accepted concepts, some specific experiment with some specific result, that confirms the concept, can be described.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf S3.} 
{\bf Refutability:}
In the terms of the concept, some specific experiment with some specific result, that negates the concept, can be described. 

{\bf S4.} 
{\bf Self-consistency:} No internal contradictions of the concept are known.
\vskip 1mm

{\bf S5.} 
{\bf Principle of correspondence:} It the range of validity of a new concept intersects the range of validity of another already accepted 
%and confirmed 
concept, then, the new concept either reproduces the results of the old concept,
or indicates the way to refute it.
%he concept. 
(For example, the estimate of the range of validity of the old concept may 
%happen to 
be wrong.)
\vskip 1mm

{\bf S6.} 
{\bf Pluralism: }  Mutually-conflicting concepts may coexist.
The coexistence of mutually-conflicting concepts, satisfying requirements S1-S5 above is allowed.
If two concepts satisfying S1-S5 have some common range of validity, then, in this range, the simplest of them has priority and should be considered as main, principal.
\vskip 1mm

Note that in the definition of science, 
all the six properties are compulsory. For example, if the range of validity of a concept is the {\em full set}
(id est, the concept is valid every time and everywhere), then, by definition, it is not scientific, as it does not satisfy
the criterion S1, and there is no need to check properties S2-S6 to qualify such a concept as non-scientific.

\begin{figure}[t]
\includegraphics[height=1.34in]{320px-DimaY2O3ethanol.jpg}
\includegraphics[height=1.34in]{Av-49230.jpg}
\includegraphics[height=1.34in]{Doya500}
\includegraphics[height=1.34in]{tetSmall.jpg}
%\includegraphics[height=1.34in]{Tetreal10bx10d}
Fig.5. How to draw Science? \cite{bissonEffect,kaho,doya500,tetrationplot} 
\end{figure}
%https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:Tetreal10bx10d.png

I illustrate schematically term ``science'' in Fig.5. 

Scientific concepts are built on the base of observations, experiments, definitions, axioms, hypothesis, theorems and theories. 

Observation means identification of some phenomena which are in some sense similar.

Definitions allow to use compact notations, making the description of scientific concept shorter and simpler.

Axioms are statements that are considered as initial at the building-up of some concept.
Set of few concepts with commonly accepted axioms is called ``paradigm''. 

Theorems are statements that are proven on the base of axioms and definitions.
Sometimes, this term is used even in those cases then the proof of the statement is not yet constructed, but is expected to be constructed in future. 
In such a case, term ``hypothesis'' or ``Conjecture'' is more suitable.

If the hypothesis is deduced from the postulates and other, already proven theorems, 
it becomes theorem.
If a hypothesis had predicted some non-trivial results of observations or experiments,
it becomes theory. 

Activity, related with development of new concepts is called research.
The most important classification of sciences is based on the subject of the research, the goal and the methods, that dominate in the research: 
humanitarian --- natural, 
fundamental --- applied and 
theoretic --- experimental.

In principle, such a structure could be applied to all the sciences.
Not all sciences are developed sufficiently to allow the use of the full scheme above.
Before Hooke and Newton, the deduction was prerogative of mathematics and was not so often in physics, if at all.
Before the quantum mechanics, the deduction in chemistry was not possible.
%The experimental history as science appears in sci-fi.
At least until century 21, many concepts in biology and the humanitarian sciences are built up on the base of guesses and the verification rather than on the base of the deduction.

%\section{\uppercase{Hierarchy of sciences}}
\section{HIERARCHY OF SCIENCES}

Mathematics makes the basis of other sciences. No one science dare to contradict mathematics.
The computational mathematics and cybernetics provides a bridge between mathematics and other knowledge.
The general physics and theoretical physics relates mathematics with other sciences,
although some sciences (even humanitarian ones) may use, for example, the statistical methods without to refer to physics.
% (How many physician know physics?) 

If some science, concept contradicts the basic paradigms of mathematics of physics, then, according to S5, there should be indicated a way to see that they are wrong. 
To avoid the confusions, the term {\em science} should be used only in the sense of the definition above.
In all other cases, terms 
{\em pseudoscience}, 
{\em sovietscience}, 
{\em christianscience}, 
{\em quasiscience} may be used to specify, that 
some activity or knowledge looks similar to {\em science} or similar to a scientific research. 

\vskip 4mm
%\section{\uppercase{Sciences and the society}}
\section{SCIENCES AND THE SOCIETY}
Usually the sciences, and especially the fundamental ones do not give a fast benefit.
The spending of the budget funding to support the satisfaction of the personal curiosity of researchers requires 
some 
justification.
There were intents to submit the development of science to other goals
(creation of facilities of the modernization of the industry, or increasing of the military power of a country, etc.).
Some researches, especially applied ones, can be motivated in such a way; and sometimes the results have the scientific value.
% in some cases, in some sense, can be qualified as scientific. 
However, often the results of such a research are just fake.
During the human history, there was not developed more efficient motivation for science, than curiosity of researchers who do it.
Yet, there is no other way to make the deep science.
However, the needs of industry can be mentioned as motivation for the financial support of the curiosity of researchers.  

The distribution of funds assigned for the development of science is serious problem. 
Administrators of funds cannot drill deeply into the research they finance. 
The funds are distributed on the base of the formal criteria: publications, citation,
participation in the conferences.
%As the costs of the participation in the scientific meetings increase, the last criterion gradually becomes  
%confirmation that the researcher  
The ability to write the grant applications and good relations with colleagues and the distributors of funds become important,
if not dominant, factor in the success in the getting of the financial support.
For the same reason, the spectacular nature of the new effects is important for its promotion.

Especially non-efficiently the funds are sent in the countries with corrupted bureaucracy;
and not only because the significant part of foundation is spent for bribes and the private security. 
The government being unable to keep the growth of the technology of the country at the international level begins to secret the scientific achievements in order to enable the monopolistic use in the military industry.
Often, the results are fake: the secrecy protects them from critics and opens wide field for 
both wanted and unwanted errors.

In a totalitarian country, some sciences are not only left without foundation, but are affected by the physical repression of researchers,
%In a totalitaristic country, some sciences may be not only left without foundation, but crashed by the physical repression of researchers,
as it happened in the USSR with the theory of relativity, quantum mechanics, cybernetics and genetics
\cite{gin,koru,sonin,soy}. Previously, in Europe, in the epoch of the Holly Inquisition, the similar phenomena took place with respect to astronomy.

The properties 1-6 allow to separate scientific concepts from others 
%religions automatically, 
without fighting the pseudosciences.
% In the similar way, the advanced operational systems do not need the antivirus.
%environment, because the access to the computer facilities does not allow the unauthorized use of the facilities. 

%\section{About the terminology}
\section{ABOUT THE TERMINOLOGY}

Often the errors are caused by a smooth, fussy definitions of terms and the concepts.
The most crying examples refer to the humanitarian science.

In 2009, Dmitry Medvedev had announced the setting up of a commission to counter the falsification of history
%the falsification becomes illegal 
\cite{falsimed,rod}. 
This makes the Russian concept of history {\em non-refutable} (not falisifiable) and 
disqualifies it as a science. There is still hope, that this is just terminological  confusion, and that commission does not have aim to destroy the historic science. %(as genetics was destroyed 50 years ago).
%{\em falsification} disqualifies the Russian official history as science, as it becomes non-refutable.
The aim of this paper is not to provoke conflicts, but to mitigate them. Therefore, I suggest not to use words ``falsification'', ``falsifiability'',
% and similar, 
at least in the scientific texts. 
Such terms are ambiguous, they may mean either the negation of a concept for the contradiction to observations or the misinformation. 

Any term that has two opposite meanings should not be used at all.
With respect to historical texts (whenever they scientific or not), the terms {\em revisionism}, {\em opportunism} and {\em reformism} appear in the similar (ambiguous) meaning
\cite{brasil,marre}, but the term {\em refutability} does not seem to be used in
such a way.
%any negative meaning. 

%In such a way, term {\em falsification} has two almost opposite meanings, and therefore should not be used at all (in any of its meanings).

In this paper, the term ``refutability'' is used. However, if refutation of the Russian official version of history will be also prohibited, then will be no way to attribute the confusion to terminology, and that concept should be qualified as non-scientific.
\vskip 4mm

%\section{Importance for physics} %\section{Apology}
\section{IMPORTANCE FOR PHYSICS}
The author would not like to teach colleagues, what to write and how to write, but just indicate, what properties make the research scientific.
This section explains, why I boil up so old question, and why it is important for physics.  

The author used to meet several ``strange'' concepts that pretended to be scientific. The examples are:\\
Quantum annihilation of the optical soliton \cite{soliton}.\\
%cold fusion \cite{coldfu}, 
Extrapolation of the quasi-optical approximation in the atmospheric physics \cite{rytov}.\\
The ``radius of convergence'' of the primary series of the theory of perturbation \cite{pertu}.\\
Quantization of the magnetic flux in a free space \cite{bom}.\\
Violation of the McCumber relation for effective cross-sections of emission and absorption in laser media \cite{cumber}.\\
Violation of the Kramers-Kronig relation for the active laser materials \cite{causa}.\\
Non-equivalence of the van der Vaals potential to the index of refraction in paraxial atom optics \cite{pra,jopb}.\\
Proportional increase of the power of a disk laser at the increase of of the size of the active element \cite{hipow}.\\
The immanent impossibility of the analytic extension of the tetration  \cite{tet}.\\
The square root of factorial (which had been declared to have no sense) \cite{fac}.\\
The inertioids (that violate the law of conservation of momentum) \cite{indi,cz}.

The author had participated in the discussions on very similar topics in various branches of physics.
The common feature of these cases is, that the colleagues 
do not specify the range of validity of their concepts,
do not indicate a way to refute their concepts,
do not show the relations with previous results,
and sometimes discuss applications of some effect without to indicate the contradictions with the scientific facts, with already commonly-accepted concepts.

In principle, there is nothing wrong in the contradiction of some experiments to some widely accepted theory.
Contrary, such a revolutionary discovery is very interesting and important; it may indicate the need to revise, improve the most important concepts.
However, such a contradiction is a main result of the research.
Such a contradiction should be mentioned in the title, in the abstract, in the conclusion as the main achievement of the author.

For example, if the authors found violation of rules of arithmetics, the title of the article should cry:
{\bf The internal contradiction in axioms of arithmetics}.
But the title of a scientific publication about such a revolutionary discovery should not mention the application
for recovery of agriculture (destroyed by genocide, extermination of farmers), nor making the 5-year plan of production of metal in 4 years.
%nor the use of the new effect for arrangement of new, prudent kind of a financial pyramid,
%where all the participants indeed get positive dividends.
%If the violation of rules of arithmetics is found in the article, bur not mentioned in the title, 
%it is qualified as an error, mistake (in the best for the authors case); and attempts to qualify such a contradiction to the new effect 
%appears as pseudo-science.

%the violence of them McCumber relation for the laser material \cite{mc},\\
%the ``global warming'', the concept, that implies, that the mean temperature of the surface of the Earth rises, 
%and the government should assign huge grants to the organisations that declare the struggle against this rise as their main goal. \cite{gw}

\section{EXAMPLES}
For illustration of the basic idea expressed above, I consider two last examples from the previous section. The examples of the concepts that, from my point of view, are not scientific.
One of them deals with the effective dross-sections of emission in the laser material, and another one is so-called the ``global warming''.
\vskip 4pt

One example of a non-scientific concept is shown in left hand side of Fig.6.
\begin{figure}[b]
\includegraphics[height=2in]{Perpetualmo} 
\scalebox{.25}{\begin{picture}(800,600)
\put(9,9){\includegraphics{MacCumberViFig1}}
\put(30,550){\scalebox{4}{Recovery or $\sigma_{\rm emission}$ from $\sigma_{\rm absorption}$}} 
\put(30,490){\scalebox{4}{by McCumber relation, black curve}}
\end{picture}}
%\includegraphics[height=1.9in]{greta00}

Fig.6. Examples of a feik result \cite{perpetualmo}, left, and the ``minimal'' correction \cite{mc}
\end{figure}
It is figure from Appl.Phys.Lett. \cite{perpetualmo}, and it shows the effective cross-sections for the Yb doped Gd2SiO5 crystal.
However, the curves for 
$\sigma_{\rm absoption} $ and 
$\sigma_{\rm emission} $, shown in the picture, contradict the McCumber relation. 
Such a contradiction leads to violation of the Second Low of thermodynamics.
With such a crystal, one would be able to arrange the Perpetual Motion machine.
The Second Low of thermodynamics is scientific fact, no experiments that break it is reported.
The methodically correct would be claim of tremendous discovery, that causes revision of the most fundamental physical concepts.
Instead, the authors claim the efficient laser material. Such a claim contradicts the 5th of the TORI Axioms (Principle of correspondence)
\cite{toria} and makes the concept non-scientific, according to the definition suggested. 
(However, it may still be considered as ``scientific'' in other system of notations, that make no difference between science and religion).

Perhaps, both curves for the cross-sections in left plot of fig.6 are wrong. 
The hypothesis, that the only $\sigma_{\rm emission} $ is wrong, is considered; then, $\sigma_{\rm emission}$
can be recovered from the $\sigma_{\rm absoption}$. Such a recovery, correction \cite{mc} is shown in the right hand side of Fig.6 with black curve.
(This curve is not extended to the right hand side of the plot: there, values of $\sigma_{\rm absoption}$ are small, and the error of the recovery is huge.)

The wrong effective cross-section mentioned cannot be interpreted as occasional mistake of a single researcher.
A dozen of researchers published similar curves in various scientific journals:
Appl.Phys.Lett. \cite{perpetualmo},
Optics Express \cite{oe} and
Solid State Comm. \cite{ss}.
In such a way, the error should be qualified as methodological: the results were not revised from point of view of {\bf self-consistency} (Axiom S4)
{\bf principle of correspondence} (Axiom S5).

Contradiction of results to the McCumber relation (and therefore to the Second Law of thermodynamics) should be revealed and declared by the authors
before it is found by the reviewers and other colleagues.

On the first glance, the left hand side of Fig. 5, if we remove words "MATERIAL FOR PERPETUAL MOTION", looks more scientific, than Fig.1
(that explains the basic principle of propulsion of the Russian satellite Yubileiny \cite{topwar} and other intertioids, developd at the Russian Cosmic center).
However, if we look at the meaning of quantities plotted as ordinates, we see, that the difference is not so big: 
in both cases, the fundamental laws of physics are broken.

The similarity goes farer. In both cases, the inventors, instead of to claim, that the basic physical concepts should be revised, just declare, that their invention can be useful.
Such a statement looks similar to the claims of organizers of a financial pyramid: they promise dividends to all the participants, and do not care about law of conservation of money.
Apparently, the laws of arithmetics in their calculus are broken.
\vskip 8pt

Another example refers to the global warming. Since year 2019, this concept is associated with name of {\bf Greta Thunberg} \cite{greta} shown in fig.7.
\begin{figure}[t]
%\includegraphics[height=2in]{Perpetualmo} 
%\scalebox{.25}{\begin{picture}(800,600)
%\put(9,9){\includegraphics{MacCumberViFig1}}
%\put(30,550){\scalebox{4}{Recovery or $\sigma_{\rm emission}$ from $\sigma_{\rm absorption}$}} 
%\put(30,490){\scalebox{4}{by McCumber relation, black curve}}
\includegraphics[height=1.44in]{greta00}
\includegraphics[height=1.44in]{800px-01831bikeSnow}
\includegraphics[height=1.44in]{20170722peterSnow241}
Fig.7. G.Thunberg 2019 \cite{greta2} ; Honshu 2013.01.14 \cite{bike} ; Peterburg 2017.07.22 \cite{peter}
\end{figure}
Several links on this concept are collected at Citizendium \cite{cz} and Mizugadro \cite{gw}.
The common fault of the adepts of the global warming is, that no way to reject this concept is found in the bunch of literature on the topic.
From the first glance, the absence of snow during summer at Europe (say, at the latitude of Peterburg) and absence of snow anytime of year at the Japan latitude
(say, at the level of Tokyo) was supposed to confirm the concept; and the presence of precipitation of water in solid state (in the conditions mentioned) should negate the concept.
This happened to be not a case: after the heavy snow at Tokyo area 2013.01.14 \cite{bike} and at Peterburg  2017.07.22 \cite{peter},
the adepts of the global warming still keep their claims. 

Since that, it is not possible to consider the global warming as a scientific concept:
The adepts of that concept do not specify, which observation would be sufficient to refute it. 

In order to help the adepts of the global warming, an exaggerated example of such an observation is described below.

Assume, during century 21, all the seas, even in the tropical zone, happen to be covered with layer of ice.
%and the layer of solid carbon dioxide covers the mounts, and the puddles of liquid air appear at the streets of the cities.\\
Then, one should admit, that the concept ``global waring'' is just wrong.

Up to year 2020, neither this, nor other (more soft) observation, that could refute the global warming, is detected in the literature.\\
On the base of this result, the global warming is qualified as non-refutable concept. 
It does not satisfy axiom S3 ({\bf Refutability}) and, by this reason, cannot be cannot be considered by scientific methods.

However, the behavior of adepts of the global warming can be subject of scientific research.
The avoiding or verifiability and refutability (basic principles of the scientific knowledge) can be qualified as a custom,
making analogy with other customs; for example, with that shown in Fig.2:
There is some similarities in poses of two persons, shown, but this similarity does not go farer.

Such a mimicry not rare in the human history:
Activity of so-called ``Liberal Democratic Party of Russia'' has nothing to do with liberalism, nor with democracy.\\
Use of service of a prostitute has nothing to do with reproduction of the mankind.\\
The visit of a fat oligarch to a high-ranking restaurant has nothing to do with the nutrition of his body.\\
Even the clans of Red Rose (Lancaster's) and White Rose (York's) \cite{rose} have nothing to do with gardening.\\
In the similar way, the near-scientific activity of researchers and politicians, who do not care about scientific meaning of their concepts, 
 has nothing to do with making of science; it is just money laundering. The TORI axioms are suggested to reveal and qualify such a kind of activity.
\vskip 9pt

It is difficult to write a separate erratum or article on each case; only few popular mistakes are mentioned in the publications cited.
%Therefore 
I suggest to adjust the criteria that the scientific results are supposed to satisfy.
This does not mean to make the requirements harder, but to soften the struggle between the authors and reviewers, that sometimes takes the strange form: the authors try to hide the cases when the concept fails while the reviewers are supposed to reveal these cases. In particular, the criterion S1 strongly suggests that the researchers estimate, until where their concepts are valid.
In the similar way, the criterion S3 invites the authors to indicate, which result of which experiment would indicate that they are wrong.  
Such indications and estimates greatly simplify the refutation of concepts, making them scientific.

This approach will help to deal with strange phenomena like observation of the ``torsion fields''
%, (which were under the top secret in the USSR),
%\cite{torsion}, 
or the ``cold nuclear fusion''; either to reveal the error of the concept at very early 
stage or to turn the research into the scientific methods, making them different from a circus trick.
%, that do not make the impression of a circus trick.
%pseudoscience.
%As soon as the evidence of some ``cold fusion'', or ``torsion fields'', or any kind of strange things will be reported. 
The definition of science suggested should allow this without to struggle against pseudoscience; such a struggle is dangerous 
for the science, especially in the countries where the abilities to the critical analysis
were persecuted. 
% was subject to genocide.
% during several generations.    
% I do not suggest, for example, to set a maximum of misprints per page, or a coefficient that was lost at the beginning of the deduction; 
%\cite{coldfu}
%\cite{ibo}.
\vskip 4mm

%\section{\uppercase{About technologies}}
\section{TECHNOLOGIES}

Technologies are so important as sciences.
Technologies are older than sciences. First, Homo Habilis, and then - Homo Sapience.

Technologies are can be qualified as customs, but they are close to both sciences and arts. On the one hand, technology uses the scientific achievements
(and in this sense is close to science).
On the second hand, any good technological solution is product of art. 
%(In the scientific slang, ``kitchen'': the result is used in the industry, but difficult to clone.)
The margin between science and technology is determined by the definition of Science.
Technologies have no need to demonstrate the evidences nor correctness of their concepts;
the proof of technology is the efficiency in business. The intents to boost the technology with 
governmental support are not efficient; they boost the pseudo-science, money laundering and other kinds the corruption.
I consider the governmental foundation of technologies as fraud.

The classification of the human abilities and the analysis of the foundation of technologies 
falls out from the scope of this article and may be subject for the independent research.

\section{DISCUSSION}
In this Chapter, I suggest examples, that show, that namely the TORI Axioms S1-S6 are essential for the efficient building-up the scientific knowledge.
I explain, how and why do I distinguish it from other kinds of knowledge. 

In certain sense, this is question of terminology.
One may insist on the old, ``Newtonian'' interpretation of science as a ``true'' knowledge, that does not need any hypothesis nor refutations.
Then, the new term is necessary to denote the phenomenon, that is denoted with word ``science'' in this paper and in publications by Karl Popper. 

I support, justify the need of the TORI Axioms with analysis of the observations, presented in the list of references below.
This is not fully correct: this analysis is, by itself, based on the TORI Axioms.

It is unavoidable: one cannot consider the Aristotle logics (Boolean algebra) using the {\em motivated arguing},
(it is politically-correct equivalent of so-called ``Female logics''),
as it would not be correct to describe the {\em motivated arguing} (Female logics), using the Aristotle logics \cite{beklemishev}.

In such a way, I cannot prove anything to the people, who do not accept the TORI Axioms, but insist on some ``objective knowledge'' instead. 
Nothing can be proven to a person, who negates the basic principles.
In this sense, the TORI Axioms can be considered a religion.
I consider this religion to be extremely efficient in building-up the scientific knowledge - 
in the similar way, 
as Muslims consider Islam as the most efficient way to heaven, 
as the Soviet veterans consider Sovetism as the most efficient way to built-up the heaven ("communism") for themselves 
(even if they have to convert their country to concentration camp in order to achieve this goal) \cite{orwell}. 
In such a way, the TORI Axioms can be considered as a religion - in the similar way, as Buddhism, Judaism, Cristianity, Marxism and Islam.

The readers may consider the TORI Axioms as hypothesis, and compare the efficiency of this hypothesis with other models.
I admit: perhaps, the other models are more efficient in obtaining the huge grants for the scientific (and not so scientific) project.
Perhaps, for getting foundation, the motivated arguing \cite{beklemishev} is more efficient.
Here I do not discuss, is this good or bad; I only analyse the observed phenomena.

One may consider also any alternatives, what should be called ``science'', and what should not.
Provide your definition of term ``science'', and compare its efficiency to that I named.

If you use another definition, have you revealed, that the bzz by Valery Menshikov about ``Yubileiny'' and ``Grvitsapa'' are just fraud, money laundering,
analogy of the Baron Munchausen's claims (fig.1)?

With your definition, have you revealed, that the material with effective emission and absorption cross-sections, shown in left hand side of Fig.6,
violates not only McCumber relation, but also the Second Law of Thermodynamics?

Or anything else?
Can you suggest an example, when your definition allows to reveal a fraud, and the TORI Axiom to not?\\
Or any example, when the TORI Axioms disqualify some scientific result, that gives a good profit for the Humanity? \\
Or anything similar comparison?

%\section{\uppercase{Conclusions}}
\section{CONCLUSIONS}
The strict definition of science with criteria 
S1-S6 (TORI Axioms) 
is suggested.
These criteria are based on the idea of {\em falisibiability} developed by K. Popper
%\cite{popper83,popper92,popper93}. 
\cite{pop1,pop2,pop3}. 
Terms {\em falsification}, {\em falisifiability} cause confusions; in particular, they disproves the Russian concept of history 
\cite{ukaz,koz}. This problem may come to other sciences, for example, into physics. To avoid confusions, 
Term {\em refutability} is better.

According to the definition above, the scientific results should include all the properties S1-S6. 

Recognition of these six conditions as compulsory is necessary to save physics and other sciences from profanation.

I suggest that all the civil organizations and the courts consider as fraud any governmental foundation of any research that does not satisfy the criteria S1-S6. 

I suggest that the editorials of the scientific books and journals and the chairs of the scientific seminars accept 
S1-S6
%these conditions 
as the main requirements for the scientific results. 

This applies not only to Russia, but to all countries.


\section*{{\fontsize{13}{5}\selectfont ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS}}
I am grateful to Margarita Kallistratova for the important discussion,
to Shoko Okudaira for the help with collecting the literature and to 
Aleksandr Kaminski for the strong critics of the Russian version of this article. \\
%The author is a little bit upset with the reviewers. Apparently, they did not read the article: they did not indicate any mistake, nor misprint here, and had formulated no suggestions to improve this paper.
\section*{{\fontsize{13}{5}\selectfont COMPETING INTERESTS}}
Author has declared that no competing interests exist. The article is requested by the Editorial, but no specific reason for this had been formulated.

\begin{thebibliography}{99}
\frenchspacing

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\url{http://en.rian.ru/russia/20120426/173064569.html} Marc Bennetts. Medvedev Admits Failure in Fight against Corruption. 13:24. 26/04/2012.\\
\url{http://kremlin.ru/transcripts/1566} D.Medvedev. Introduction at the session of the Council on resistance to corruption. 2008.09.30. (in Russian) {\em
% Д.Медведев. Вступительное слово на заседании Совета по противодействию коррупции. 30 сентября 2008 года, 16:25 Москва, Кремль. Д.Медведев: Коррупция в нашей стране приобрела не просто масштабный характер, она стала привычным, обыденным явлением, которое характеризует саму жизнь в нашем обществе... 
Corruption in Russia not only got the large scale, but become the common, usual phenomenon that characterises the entire life of the Russian officials.}

\bibitem{kis}
\url{https://www.globalsecurity.org/space/library/news/2005/space-050329-rianovosti01.htm}
Andrei Kislyakov. Russia to help to develop nuclear-powered spacecraft. 2005.08.01.
RUSSIA TO HELP DEVELOP NUCLEAR-POWERED SPACECRAFT//
RIA Novosti//
MOSCOW. (RIA Novosti political commentator Andrei KISLYAKOV)//
Russia that has developed state-of-the-art rocket engines is ready to use them within the framework of the international space program. Consequently, Russia is quite eager to explore deep space with the rest of the world. //
In Moscow's opinion, such is the gist of international accords that were approved by 21 countries and 15 international organizations in the United States late this March. The concerned parties discussed interplanetary space-flight plans that were suggested by national space agencies. A document would be expected to formalize the discussion's results by August 2005.//
Russia suggests that those involved in the Martian program use its nuclear rocket engines and propulsion units, Academician Nikolai Ponomarev-Stepnoi, vice-president of the Kurchatov Institute national research center, noted in early March. He made this statement at an international conference in Moscow that discussed nuclear-powered spacecraft.//
We would develop such an engine and propulsion unit by 2017, if the relevant international decision was adopted today, Vladimir Smetannikov, chief designer of the Dollezhal R$\&$D institute, believes. Consequently, it would be possible to launch a manned space ship toward Mars by that time.//
According to Ponomarev-Stepnoi, the world's countries understand that long-range space flights are impossible without nuclear propulsion units. Incidentally, nuclear engines can be used to accelerate spacecraft, also serving as their power-supply systems.//
It should be mentioned in this connection that the Energomash science-and-production association (NPO) had developed the first Russian nuclear rocket engine back in 1981. However, its comprehensive tests never took place because of tougher nuclear environmental-safety requirements in space research. The United States also conducted similar experiments, failing to test even a prototype version. //
Nonetheless, theoretically nuclear-powered rocket engines cannot be called something entirely new. For its own part, the R$\&$D institute of space systems near Moscow is busy developing a perpetuum mobile (perpetual-motion engine), of sorts. This engine that will have a virtually unlimited service life could be used on Earth and in outer space. //
Our institute's staffers have been developing a non-jet propulsion unit for several years in a row, Valery Menshikov, who heads this institute, said in mid-March. A liquid or solid-state propulsive mass moves along a preset tornado-shaped trajectory inside this engine, thereby ensuring sustainable propulsion. Quite possibly, we are witnessing a hitherto unknown interaction between the propulsive mass and little-studied fields, including the gravitation field, Menshikov explained. 

\bibitem{anek} %\url{http://cartoonbank.ru/} <br>
%\url{https://www.anekdot.ru/scripts/author_best.php?years=pics}
\url{http://english.pravda.ru/science/tech/14-04-2009/107399-Russian_scientists-0} Alex Naumov. Russian scientists test perpetual motion machine in space. "Pravda", 14.04.2009. Specialists of the Institute for Space Systems conducted successful tests of the perpetual motion machine in space. Valery Menshikov, the director of the institute, said that the machine was installed at Yubileiny satellite which was launched into orbit almost a year ago. The satellite can now move from one orbit to another with the help of the engine, which discharges no reaction mass.%// The first tests were conducted in June and July of 2008. The tests revealed some problems that need further developments of the machine, but the orbital experiment was conducted successfully in general.

\bibitem{sudakov}
\url{https://www.pravdareport.com/science/112279-nano_satellites/}
Dmitry Sudakov.
Russian Scientists Test New Type of Engine for Nano Satellites. 18.02.2010 05:29.
Specialists of the Russian Research Center for Space Systems are completing the tests of a unique engine based on new physical principles to obtain propulsive power, Itar-Tass reports.//
The engine, which does not emit reaction mass, was installed at Yubileiny satellite, which was launched into orbit in May of 2008. The engine, which operates both autonomously and remotely, allows the satellite to move from one orbit to another. .. 
%“Our engine is now the last working element on the platform of Yubileiny satellite,” a spokesman for the research center said.//
%The scientist rejected the information which said that the developers of the unique engine had spent millions of rubles from the Russian budget on the development of the new system.//
%“If we had had 200-300 thousand rubles, we would have conducted the experiment on a completely different level to receive much more interesting results,” the scientist added.//
%“Our engine is now the last working element on the platform of Yubileiny satellite,” a spokesman for the research center said.//
%The scientist rejected the information which said that the developers of the unique engine had spent millions of rubles from the Russian budget on the development of the new system. //
%“If we had had 200-300 thousand rubles, we would have conducted the experiment on a completely different level to receive much more interesting results,” the scientist added. //
%The current tests have revealed a number of problems, which the scientists will need to solve to improve the work of the new device. In general, the Russian scientists are satisfied with the results of the experiment conducted on Earth’s orbit.//
%They originally intended to test the new type of engine on the International Space Station, but it was later decided to install it on a satellite for a more pure experiment. //
%The movement takes place as a liquid or solid body moves on a tornado-shaped trajectory. The engine will last for at least 15 years and can be activated nearly 300,000 times during the operation period. The engine is powered with solar batteries.//
%The untraditional engine was tested on Earth too. Russia’s Space Corporation Roskosmos supported the project. Once the tests are completed, the new engine will be used to control orbits of spacecraft and orbital stations. It can also be used during spacewalks.//
%These engines can be used on nano-satellites. In this case the weight of the engines can be reduced to just several grams. The engine is ecologically pure, so it can be used on Earth too, for air and surface transport. !-->

\bibitem{krugintro}
E.P.Krugliakov. Introduction. Bulletin in defence of Science.  {\bf 1},  p.3-10. (In Russian)
(2006) ; \url{http://www.ras.ru/digest/fdigestlist/bulletin.aspx}

\bibitem{rus} D.Kouznetsov. Role of science and physics in the human knowledge. in Russian, prototype of this article. 
\url{https://ufn.ru/tribune/trib120111.pdf}\\
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2010mestor.pdf}\\
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2010mestoe.pdf}

\bibitem{indi} Kouznetsov D, Support of non-traditional concepts.
Far East Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Physics, {\bf 1}, Issue 1, p.1-6 (2010)\\
\url{http://pphmj.com/abstract/5076.htm}\\
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2010support.pdf}

\bibitem{pop1} Karl R. Popper. Science as falsification.
Karl Popper, Conjectures and Refutations. London: Routledge and Keagan Paul, 1963, pp. 33-39.\\
\url{https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/liu10/files/2010/08/KPopper_Falsification.pdf}
%from Theodore Schick, ed., Readings in the Philosophy of Science, Mountain View, CA: Mayfield Publishing Company, 2000, pp.9-13.
\url{http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/popper_falsification.html}
%\url{https://bertie.ccsu.edu/naturesci/PhilSci/PopperArticle.html}
%\bibitem{brain} 
%Augustus D. Waller, M.D.
%The sense of effort: an objective study.
%Oxford Journals: Brain, {\bf 14}, 179-249 (1891).
\bibitem{pop2}
Karl Popper. Science: 
Conjectures and refutations. --
'Philosophy of Science: a Personal Report', in British Philosophy in
Mid-Century, ed. C. A. Mace, 1957.
\url{https://bertie.ccsu.edu/naturesci/PhilSci/PopperArticle.html}

\bibitem{pop3} Popper, Karl R. The logic of scientific discovery.
Oxford, England: Basic Books. (1959). 480 pp.
\url{http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1961-02882-000} %07

\bibitem{lenin20} \url{https://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1920/oct/02.htm} Vladimir Lenin. The Tasks of the Youth Leagues Written: October 2, 1920 Source: Collected Works, Volume 31 First Published: Pravda Nos. 221, 222 and 223, October 5, 6 and 7, 1920 Online Version: marx.org in 1997, marxists.org 1999 Transcribed: Colin S. Cavell HTML Markup: Brian Baggins and David Walters Speech Delivered At The Third All-Russia Congress of The Russian Young Communist League. ..
The generation of those who are now fifteen will see a communist society, and will itself build this society..  .. We must assume that no less than ten years will be required for the electrification of the country, so that our impoverished land may profit from the latest achievements of technology. And so, the generation of those who are now fifteen years old, and will be living in a communist society in ten or twenty years' time, should tackle all its educational tasks in such a way that every day, in every village and city, the young people shall engage in the practical solution of some problem of labour in common, even though the smallest or the simplest. ..

\bibitem{program} \url{http://www.americandeception.com/index.php?page=usercat&catid=28} Programme of The Communist Party of The Soviet Union-1961
The material and technical basis of communism will be built up by the end of the second decade (1971-80), ensuring an abundance of material and cultural values for the whole population; Soviet society will come close to a stage where it can introduce the principle of distribution according to. needs, and there will be a gradual transition to one form of ownership-public ownership. Thus, a communist society will in the main be built in the U.S.S.R.  .. THE PRESENT GENERATION OF SOVIET PEOPLE SHALL LIVE IN COMMUNISM!


\bibitem{kran} \url{http://cartoon.kulichki.com/drunk/drun051.htm} Eugeni Kran. Catroons. 2020.06.17.
%Евгений Кран. Карикатуры. 2020.06.17. Карикатура про воспитание подрастающего поколения. Памятник пионерскому горнисту. Современный пионер в той же позе пьет пиво. .. Мои карикатуры можно публиковать без разрешения автора с указанием автора Евгения Крана и источника заимствования! Для приобретения карикатур полным размером пишите карикатуристу - karikaturyhumor(собака)gmail.com skype Kranev

\bibitem{religion} D.Kouznetsov. Religion. Samizdat, 2010. 
\url{http://zhurnal.lib.ru/k/kuznecow_d_j/religion.shtml} %12

\bibitem{art} D.Kouznetsov. Art. Samizdat, 2010. 
%\url{http://zhurnal.lib.ru/k/kuznecow_d_j/art.shtml}
\url{http://zhurnal.lib.ru/k/kuznecow_d_j/artr.shtml}

\bibitem{newton} 
Isaac Newton. Principia mathematica. London,
%; H. D. Symonds, 
1803.
\url{http://www.thenagain.info/Classes/Sources/Newton.html}

\bibitem{teplov} Teplov B.M.
%Теплов Б.М. Об объективном методе в психологии
%'Ob ob"ektivnij metod v psixologii' [
The objective method in psychology, Sovetskaja
pedagogika, 1952,7, 66-86. (in Russian;
%OBJECTIVE METHOD IN PSYCHOLOGY
Since y.2020, not available online)
%\url{http://www.questia.com/googleScholar.qst?docId=105592910}

\bibitem{nop} Martin Gardner. A Skeptical Look at Karl Popper. Skeptical Inquirer, {\bf 25}(4):13-14,72hom
(2001)
\url{http://www.stephenjaygould.org/ctrl/gardner_popper.html}
\bibitem{falsimed}
Medvedev V.A. Commission to counter attempts to falsify the history to the detriment of Russia.
(in Russian)
\url{http://document.kremlin.ru/doc.asp?ID=052421}
\url{http://www.vbvvbv.narod.ru/Lgenauka.htm}
\bibitem{rod} James Rodgers.
Russia acts against 'false' history.
BBC News, 24 July 2009,
\url{http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8166020.stm}
\bibitem{koru} Korukin V.I. Pseudoscience -- what is behind the word? (in Russian)
\url{http://www.vbvvbv.narod.ru/Lgenauka.htm}
Zastyretz A. Meeting of the Presidium. (In Russian). Science of Ural, N2 (830), January 2003.
\url{http://www.uran.ru/gazetanu/2003/01/nu02/wvmnu_p1a_02_012003.htm}

\bibitem{sonin} Sonin A.S. Sad jubilee of one company. (in Russian)
Bulletin of the Russian Acacemy of Sciences,
1991, {\bf 61}, N8, p.96-107.
\url{http://russcience.euro.ru/papers/son91vr2.htm}
\bibitem{soy} 
Soyfer V. N.
The consequences of political dictatorship for Russian science.
Nat Rev Genet. 2001 Sep;2(9):723-9. 
{%\footnotesize
\url{http://tracerkinetics.engr.iupui.edu/Ethics%20Course%2009/Journal%20articles/lysenko-nature-rev-genetics2001-nrg0901_723a.pdf}}
%\url{http://www.nature.com/nrg/journal/v2/n9/full/nrg0901_723a.html}
\bibitem{stone} Alan A. Stone, MD. Psychiatrists on the side of the angels. 
%: The Falun Gong and Soviet Jewry. 
J Am Acad Psychiatry Law {\bf 30}, p.107-11, 2002.
\url{http://www.jaapl.org/cgi/reprint/30/1/107.pdf} 
\bibitem{bonnie} Richard J. Bonnie, LLB. Political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union and in China.
%: Complexities and Controversies 
J. Am Acad Psychiatry Law {\bf 30}, p.136-44, 2002
\url{http://www.jaapl.org/cgi/reprint/30/1/136.pdf}
\bibitem{stephen} Stephen F. %Faraone, Stephen
Psychiatry and political repression in the Soviet Union.
American Psychologist. {\bf 37}(10), 1982, 1105-1112.
\bibitem{shizo} Merskey H and Shafran B. Political hazards in the diagnosis of 'sluggish schizophrenia'.
The British Journal of Psychiatry {\bf 148} 247-256 (1986)
\url{http://bjp.rcpsych.org/cgi/content/abstract/148/3/247} 
\bibitem{mad} Thomas Stephen Szasz.
The Manufacture of Madness: A Comparative Study of the Inquisition and the Mental Health Movement
Oxford, 1970.
%Harper & Row. (1970). xxvii, 383 pp.
\url{http://psycnet.apa.org/psycinfo/1970-08540-000}

\bibitem{white} V.Lenin. You cannot make revolution in white gloves.
\url{https://www.quotetab.com/quote/by-vladimir-lenin/you-cannot-make-a-revolution-in-white-gloves}
(This sentence appears in various sites, and attributer to Vladimir Lenin. The sites do not indicate the source. Perpaps, the original article by V.Lenin with such a quite is already destroyed; ths practice is described in the novel by G.Owell "1984".)

\bibitem{krug} 
Anojhin D., Krugliakov E. Pseudoscientists and pseudoscience may convert Russia into country of barbarians. Common Sense, 2008, N3 (48). 
(in Russian)
\url{http://www.atheismru.narod.ru/humanism/journal/48/kruglyakov.htm}
Eneining Moscow, %Âå÷åðíÿÿ Ìîñêâà, ¹
N43 (24821) from 14.03.2008. 
\url{http://www.vmdaily.ru/article.php?aid=53826}
\bibitem{gin} Ginzburg V.L. About the pseudoscience and the need to fight it. (In Russian)
Science and Life, N11, 2000. \url{http://www.nkj.ru/archive/articles/5372/} 
\bibitem{kuhn} T.S.Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, 2nd. ed., Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Pr., 1970
\url{http://www.des.emory.edu/mfp/Kuhn.html}
\bibitem{mizu} D.Kouznetsov. Mizugadro's number. Samizdat, 2010. \url{http://zhurnal.lib.ru/k/kuznecow_d_j/mizugade.shtml}
\bibitem{galvani} Marco Piccolino. Luigi Galvani and animal electricity: two centuries after the foundation of electrophysiology Trends in Neurosciences, {\bf 20},  10, 1997, Pages 443-448
\url{https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0166223697011016}
\bibitem{jesus}
Elder Don Eastman. Homosexuality; not a sin, not a sickness. 
Los Angeles Universal Fellowship Press, 1990.
\url{https://mccchurch.org/files/2016/08/NotSinNotSick.pdf}
%\url{http://www.valleyministries.com/resource/NotSin.pdf}
\bibitem{jesusgay} 
Robinson B.A. Homosexual passages from the Christian Scriptures.
Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance, 2008-SEP-23,
\url{http://www.religioustolerance.org/hom_bibc2.htm}
\bibitem{tim} \url{https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/17/theater/theater-review-superstar-or-not-jesus-returns.html}
Ben Brantley. Superstar or not, 'Jesus' returns. 
%By BEN BRANTLEY
Published: Apr. 17, 2000, page E1.
%https://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/17/theater/theater-review-superstar-or-not-jesus-returns.html
%{\small\tt\url{http://www.nytimes.com/2000/04/17/theater/theater-review-superstar-or-not-jesus-returns.html}}
\bibitem{bulgakov} Paul Sonne. Russians Await a Cult Novel's Film Debut With Eagerness and Skepticism.
New York Times, December 19, 2005,
\url{http://www.nytimes.com/2005/12/19/arts/television/19mast.html}

\bibitem{snow} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:02178SnowGirlShoka.JPG} %36
\bibitem{tsuru} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:Tsuru01s.png}
\bibitem{flower} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:KouznetsovPaintFlowers018.jpg}
\bibitem{fly} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:KouznetsovPaintSky019.jpg} %39
\bibitem{malevic} \url{https://artcanvas.com/artists/kazimir-malevich-canvas-art-print-for-sale.html} KAZIMIR MALEVICH. Hieratic Suprematist Cross. 1921.

\bibitem{lenin13} Lenin V.I. %Vladimir Ilyich Lenin %41
The Three Sources and Three Component Parts of Marxism.
 Lenin's Collected Works, Progress Publishers, 1977, Moscow, Vol.19, p.21-28. 
%(Translated by The Late George Hanna, Lee Joon Koo and Marc Luzietti.)
\url{http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1913/mar/x01.htm}
%\url{http://www.communi.ru/matireals/university/origins/lenin/3sources_3parts_marksizm.htm}
\bibitem{hua}
Hua Guofeng. Memorial speech. September 18, 1976.
Hua Guofeng Internet Archive, January 2004.
\url{http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/hua-guofeng/1976/09/18.htm}
\bibitem{mayako}
Sergei Boukhonine. Gods 'R' Us. 
LewRockwell, 2006.
%,1987. (in Russian) \url{http://www.slovoa.narod.ru/library/poezy/majakovsky.htm}
%\sx{.7}
{\url{http://www.lewrockwell.com/orig7/boukhonine2.html}}

%\bibitem{gim} Ìèõàëêîâ Ñ. Ãèìí ÑÑÑÐ, 1977-1991 \url{http://sds.sinor.ru:8104/lib/all/gimn.htm} (in Russian)
Speech delivered at the third all-Russia congress of the Russian young communist league, 
Oct. 2, 1920.
%\sx{.7}
{\url{http://www.yclusa.org/article/articleview/71/1/35/}}
%\url{http://vivovoco.rsl.ru/VV/PAPERS/VLADLEN/VIL_03.HTM}

\bibitem{mao}
Mao Tse-tung. Telegram to the USSR on Stalin's Death.
People's Daily, March 7, 1953; 
%Transcription by the Maoist Documentation Project, revised 2005 by Marxists.org
%\sx{.44}
{\footnotesize
\url{http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-7/mswv7_296.htm}}
\bibitem{avraam} Old Testament, Genesis, chapter 15, song 13 \url{http://www.bible.com.ua/bible/r/1/15} %45p7

\bibitem{dwi} Dwivedi O.P. Satyagraha for Conservation: Awakening the Spirit of Hinduism. 
In book: Ethics of Environment and Development, ed. J.R. Engel and J.G. Engel (London: Bellhaven Press,
1990)
\url{http://www.bishnoism.com/uploadPDF/DwivediHinduEcol.pdf}
\bibitem{LORD} David. Psalm of God. New American Standard Bible, Psalm 19.
\url{http://nasb.scripturetext.com/psalms/19.htm}
\bibitem{islam} 
%Abu Ameenah Bilal Philips. The True Religion of God.
%\url{http://www.islamkorea.com/english/truereligion.html}
Quran, AL-E-IMRAN Chapter 3, song 90.
\url{http://www.parsquran.com/data/show.php?user=eng&lang=eng&sura=3&ayat=84} %48p8

\bibitem{tihomirov} \url{http://pinterest.com/pin/230950287111242293/} 
Stanislav Tihomirov. Girl at the Red Square. Moscow, 2005 June.
%Станислав Тихомиров. Девушка на Красной площади. Москва, июнь 2005. 

\bibitem{nire} 
%{http://viktor-ch.livejournal.com/287453.html}
Viktor Shmakov. Everything is relative. (In Russian)
%Виктор Шмаков. всё относительно... 
2013-02-09 15:54:00. 
%Since year 2020, the original image is not reachable.

\bibitem{kuvaev}\url{https://www.mult.ru/?s=Religion} Oleg Kuvaev. Main. (In Russian)
%Since 2020, the image is not available.

%\cite{bissonEffect,kaho,doya500,tetrationplot} 
\bibitem{bissonEffect} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:DimaY2O3ethanol.jpg}
\bibitem{kaho} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:Av-49230.jpg} %Dima,Kaho,Atsushiko, 2009
\bibitem{doya500} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:Doya500.png}
\bibitem{tetrationplot} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:Tetreal10bx10d.png}

\bibitem{barbara} Mary-Barbara Zeldin. The religious nature of Russian marxism.
Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, {\bf 8}, No.1 (1969), pp. 100-111 
\url{http://www.jstor.org/pss/1385258}

\bibitem{georg} Klaus-Georg Riegel. Marxism-Leninism as a Political Religion.
Totalitarian Movements and Political Religions, {\bf 6}, No.1, p.97-126, June 2005
\url{http://svonz.lenin.ru/articles/Klaus-Georg_Riegel-Marxism-Leninism_as_a_Political_Religion.pdf}

\bibitem{dogma} Lenin V.I. Certain Features of the Historical Development of Marxism. -
Lenin Collected Works, Progress Publishers, [1974], Moscow, Volume 17, pages 39-44.
\url{http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1910/dec/23.htm}
%\bibitem{molo} Molotov V.M.   Ðå÷ü ïî ðàäèî  29 íîÿáðÿ 1939ã., (in Russian)
\bibitem{prog}
Program of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1961.
\url{http://www.archive.org/details/ProgramOfTheCommunistPartyOfTheSovietUnion_150}
\bibitem{shinto} Ingazo Nitobe. Bushido. Tokyo, 1989.
\bibitem{masahiko} Fujihara Masahiko. The dignity of the nation. Tokyo. 2007.
\bibitem{civ1}
Mathisen J.A. 
%James A. Mathisen
Twenty Years After Bellah: Whatever Happened to American Civil Religion?
Journal article by James A. Mathisen; SA. Sociological Analysis, {\bf 50} 1989, pp. 129-146 .
\url{http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=97821251}
%~;\\%
\bibitem{civ2}
Carolyn Marvin and David W. Ingle
Blood Sacrifice and the Nation: Revisiting Civil Religion
Journal of the American Academy of Religion, {\bf 64}, No.4, Thematic Issue on ``Religion and American Popular Culture'' (1996), pp. 767-780.  \url{http://www.jstor.org/stable/1465621}
\bibitem{civ3} \url{https://www.religion-online.org/book/varieties-of-civil-religion/}
Robert N. Bellah, Phillip E. Hammond. Varieties of Civil Religion. New York: Harper \& Row. 
1980. 
\bibitem{ukaz} 
Medvedev D.A. residential Commission for Prevention of Falsification of History to the Prejudice of Russia's Interest. (In Russian), Cite of President of RF, 15 May 2009, N 549.
{\footnotesize \url{http://www.rg.ru/2009/05/20/komissia-dok.html}}

\bibitem{koz} Oleg Kozlovsky. Medvedev Imposes Control Over Russian History.  Huffington Post, May 19, 2009. % 05:53 .
\url{http://www.huffingtonpost.com/oleg-kozlovsky/medvedev-imposes-control_b_205349.html}

\bibitem{brasil} Editorial. O Proletariado. (Organ of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Brazil). Deepen the Struggle Against Revisionism and Opportunism
Raising The Banner of Marxism, the Party and the Revolution. May, 1997,
\url{http://www.mltranslations.org/Brazil/revis.htm}
%\bibitem{cheng} Cheng, Yen-shih. Lenin's fight against revisionism and opportunism.
%Peking, 1965.

\bibitem{marre} Lenin V.I. Marxism and Revisionism.
Lenin Collected Works, Progress Publishers, 1973, Moscow, Volume 15, pages 29-39. 
\url{http://www.marxists.org/archive/lenin/works/1908/apr/03.htm}

\bibitem{soliton} Kouznetsov D.Yu.
Quantum fluctuations do not annihilate the optical soliton.
1992 Quantum Optics, {\bf 4} 221-227   %doi: 10.1088/0954-8998/4/4/003   
\url{http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0954-8998/4/4/003}

\bibitem{unive} %Kopylov A.I., Kuznetsov D.Yu., Fetisova T.S., Shvartsman V.F. 
A. I. Kopylov, D. Yu. Kuznetsov, T. S. Fetisova, V. F. Shvartsman. 
Possible inhomogeneities in the Universe on scales of 200 - 300 Mpc from observation on the 6-m telescope. 
- J. Audouze et al.(eds.), Large structure of the Universe, IAU, 1988, p.129-137.
\url{http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988IAUS..130..129K}
%T. S. Fetisova, D. Yu. Kouznetsov, V. A. Lipovetsky, A. A. Starobinsky, P. P. Olowin. 
%31R. Russ. ver.: Peculiarities in the spatial distribution of rich clusters of galaxies in the Northern and Southern galactic hemispheres. -- Pic'ma V astron. Zh., 1993, v.19, N.6, p.508-516. 
%31E. English version: Features of the spatial distribution of rich clusters of galaxies in the Northern and Southern galactic hemispheres. -- Astron. Lett., May-June 1993, v.19, N.3, p.198-202.

\bibitem{rytov}
V. V. Voitsekhovich, D. Kouznetsov, D. Kh. Morozov. 
Density of turbulence-induced phase dislocations.
Applied Optics, 1998, {\bf 37}, No.21, p.4525-4535.
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/1997density.pdf} 

%Voitsekhovich V.V., Kouznetsov D. Rytov approximation: comments about the range of validity. 
%English version: 
%Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics, 1998, p.998-1000.

\bibitem{pertu}
Garcia-Valenzuela A., Bruce N.C., Kouznetsov D. Perturbation theory for surface-profile imaging with a capacitive probe. Appl.Phys.Lett. {\bf 77}, % no.13 (Sept. 25, 
(2000) p. 2066-2068. 
{\footnotesize \url{http://ojps.aip.org/journals/doc/APPLAB-ft/vol_77/iss_13/2066_1.html}}
%A. Garcia, N. Bruce, D. Kouznetsov. An investigation into the applicability of perturbation techniques to solve the boundary integral equations for a parallel plate capacitor with a rough electrode. 
%-- J. Phys. D.: Applied Phys., 1998, v.31,No.2 p.240-251. 
%\url{http://ojps.aip.org/getabs/insref_abs.jsp?key=APPLAB&prog=getinsref&id=JPAPBE00003100000200024000000G&idtype=cvipa}

\bibitem{bom} Ley-Koo E., Villa-Torres G., Kouznetsov D. 
%E. Ley-Koo, G. Villa-Torres, D. Kouznetsov. 
Aharonov-Bohm effect on Landau states in annular Cylindrical Boxes.
Chinese J. of Physics, {\bf 40}, No.2, p.130-141 (2002). 
\url{http://psroc.phys.ntu.edu.tw/cjp/v40/121.pdf}

\bibitem{cumber}  Kouznetsov D. Broadband laser materials and the McCumber relation. Chinese Optics Letters, 2007, {\bf 5}, p.S240-S242 
\url{https://www.osapublishing.org/col/abstract.cfm?uri=col-5-101-S240}
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2007mc.pdf}
\url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007mc.pdf}
\url{https://www.researchgate.net/publication/263843029_Broadband_laser_materials_and_the_McCumber_relation}
%\url{http://col.org.cn/abstract.aspx?id=COL05S1S240-3}

\bibitem{causa}
J.-F.Bisson, D.Kouznetsov. Comments on "Study of the Complex Atomic Susceptibility of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifiers" Journal of Lightwave Technology, v. 26, No.4, p. 457-459 (2008)
%abstract: 
\url{http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/wrapper.jsp?arnumber=4451260}
%reprint: 
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2007jlwt.pdf}

%\bibitem{hipow} Kouznetsov D., Bisson J.-F.,Ueda  K.
%Scaling laws of disk lasers. Optical materials, {\bf 31}, Issue 5,2009, P.754-759. 
%doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2008.03.017 
%Preprint: http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2009optmat.pdf

%\bibitem{torsion} Aleksandrov Ye.B. The Torsion Illusion.
%Translated by G. Goldberg, 
%\url{http://www.humanism.al.ru/en/articles.phtml?num=000007}

\bibitem{pra} D.Kouznetsov, H.Oberst,
Scattering of waves at ridged mirrors. Phys.Rev.A, {\bf 72} 013617 (2005).
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/PhysRevA_72_013617.pdf}

\bibitem{jopb} D.Kouznetsov, H.Oberst, A.Neumann, Y.Kuznetsova, K.Shimizu, J.-F.Bisson, K.Ueda, S.R.J.Brueck. 
Ridged atomic mirrors and atomic nanoscope. J. of Physics B, {\bf 39} p. 1605-1623 (2006)  
\url{http://stacks.iop.org/0953-4075/39/1605} or
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/nanoscope.pdf}

\bibitem{hipow} Kouznetsov D, Bisson J-F, Ueda K,
Scaling laws of disk lasers. Optical materials, {\bf 31}, Issue 5,
p.754-759 (2009) %doi:10.1016/j.optmat.2008.03.017 
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2009optmat.pdf}

\bibitem{tet} Kouznetsov D, 
Solution of F(z+1)=exp(F(z)) in complex z-plane.
Mathematics of Computation, {\bf 78}, No.267, p.1647-1670 (2009).
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2010superfar.pdf}
 
\bibitem{fac} 
D.Kouznetsov, H.Trappmann. Superfunctions and square root of factorial. Moscow University Physics Bulletin,
ser. 3, Issue 13, p.8-14(2010)
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2010superfae.pdf}

\bibitem{mc} 
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/ApplPhysLett_90_066101.pdf}
\url{http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/ApplPhysLett_90_066101.pdf} D. Kouznetsov. Comment on Efficient diode-pumped Yb:Gd2SiO5 laser (Appl.Phys.Lett.88,221117(2006)). APL, v.90, p.066101 (2007)

\bibitem{toria}
\url{http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperInformation.aspx?PaperID=36560} D.Kouznetsov. TORI axioms and the applications in physics. Journal of Modern Physics, 2013, v.4, p.1151-1156.

\bibitem{gw} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/Global_warming}
.. is concept stating that the mean temperature of the surface of the Earth rises, and the government should assign huge grants to the organisations that declare the struggle against this rise as their main goal. 

\bibitem{bro}
\url{http://www.ils.uec.ac.jp/~dima/PAPERS/2007mc.pdf}
\url{http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007mc.pdf} D.Kouznetsov. Broadband laser materials and the McCumber relation. Chinese Optics Letters v.5, p.S240–S242 (2007)

\bibitem{perpetualmo} \url{https://aip.scitation.org/doi/abs/10.1063/1.2206150}
W.Li, H.Pan, L.Ding, H.Zeng, W.Lu, G.Zhao, C.Yan, L.Su, J. Xu. Efficient diode-pumped $\rm Yb : Gd_2 Si O_5$ laser. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 221117 (2006).

\bibitem{oe} \url{http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.14.006681} Wenxue Li, Shixiang Xu, Haifeng Pan, Liangen Ding, Heping Zeng, Wei Lu, Chunlei Guo, Guangjun Zhao, Chengfeng Yan, Liangbi Su, and Jun Xu. Efficient tunable diode-pumped Yb:LYSO laser. Optics Express, Vol. 14, Issue 15, pp. 6681-6686 (2006), doi 10.1364/OPEX.14.000686

\bibitem{ss}
\url{http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038109805010094}
\url{http://210.72.9.5:8080/thesis/2006/2/17/142414.pdf} C.Yan, G.Zhao, L.Zhang, J.Xu, X.Liang, D.Juan, W.Li, H.Pan, L.Ding, H.Zeng. A new Yb-doped oxyorthosilicate laser crystal: $\rm Yb: Gd_2 Si O_5$. Solid State Comm. v.137, 451-455 (2006) 

\bibitem{topwar} \scalebox{.755}{\url{https://it.topwar.ru/18572-tayny-xxi-veka-roskosmos-provodil-opyty-s-gravicappoy-.html}}
Segreti del XXI secolo: Roscosmos condusse esperimenti con Gravitsappoy? 11 settembre 2012.
Yuri Danshov, Capo del Dipartimento dell'Istituto di ricerca per i sistemi spaziali: //
"Si noti che non ci sono viti o remi. Diciamo che la trazione sembra dovuta al lavoro del dispositivo stesso ".
"Se questo dispositivo fosse nello spazio esterno, cioè nel vuoto, a gravità zero, accelererebbe indefinitamente. All'infinito.
"Ci sono nomi diversi, ma io chiamo "Gravitsappoy"". / guarda il video come N2 / //
Stranamente, Valery Menshikov (direttore dell'Istituto di ricerca di sistemi spaziali, generale in pensione in pensione), che in precedenza aveva trattato lo spazio, non ha smentito le "idee" dei suoi colleghi, ma ha anche fortemente sostenuto.//
Scienza ufficiale non ha riconosciuto né il lavoro del laboratorio vicino a Mosca, né la teoria dell'antigravità dello scienziato Shipov collegato ad esso. ..

\bibitem{greta} \url{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TMrtLsQbaok} Greta Thunberg to world leaders: 'How dare you? You have stolen my dreams and my childhood'. Sep 23, 2019. Guardian News // 'You have stolen my dreams and my childhood with your empty words,' climate activist Greta Thunberg has told world leaders at the 2019 UN climate action summit in New York. In an emotionally charged speech, she accused them of ignoring the science behind the climate crisis, saying: 'We are in the beginning of a mass extinction and all you can talk about is money and fairy tales of eternal economic growth - how dare you!'

\bibitem{greta2} \scalebox{.78}{\url{https://www.businessinsider.com/viral-video-greta-thunberg-speech-death-metal-2019-9}} A viral video remixed Greta Thunberg's UN speech as Swedish death metal. She said she'll 'be doing death metal only' from now on. Morgan McFall-Johnsen. Sep 30, 2019, 6:24 PM.

\bibitem{bike} 
heavy snow at Tokyo region, 2013.01.14 \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/File:01831bikeSnow.JPG}

\bibitem{peter} Heavy snow at Peterburg 2017.07.22 \url {http://www.interfax.ru/russia/571677}
% В России 21:16, 22 июля 2017 Выпавший град образовал сугробы в Санкт-Петербурге.

\bibitem{cz} \url{http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Reactionless_propulsion}  %{\small\bf (end of file)}
.. technological concept of an engine that moves a spacecraft without using any external body to push from, and without jettisoning any of its parts. 

\bibitem{rose} \url{https://www.britannica.com/event/Wars-of-the-Roses} Wars of the Roses, (1455–85), in English history, the series of dynastic civil wars whose violence and civil strife preceded the strong government of the Tudors. Fought between the houses of Lancaster and York for the English throne, the wars were named many years afterward from the supposed badges of the contending parties: the white rose of York and the red rose of Lancaster.

\bibitem{orwell} \url{https://www.planetebook.com/free-ebooks/1984.pdf} 1984// By George Orwell.
%\url{http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/o/orwell/george/o79n/index.html} Nineteen Eighty-four, by George Orwell. web edition published by eBooks@Adelaide. Rendered into HTML by Steve Thomas. Last updated Thursday, February 7, 2013 at 08:44.

\bibitem{beklemishev} \url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/Female_logic} The Female logic below is translation of the famous work by the great Russian mathematician Dmitri Beklemishev.. (2013).

%\url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/Female_logic} The Female logic below is translation of the famous work by the great Russian mathematician Dmitri Beklemishev.. (2013).

\end{thebibliography}
\footnotesize
{{\bf Biography of author(s)}}\\\\
%{\includegraphics[width=1.4in,height=1.45in]{1.png}}\\[2mm]
{\includegraphics[width=1.4in]{1.png}}\\[2mm]
\footnotesize
{ \bf{Dmitrii Kouznetsov}}\\[1mm]
Institute for Laser Science, Univertity of Electro Communications, 1-5-1 Chofugaoka, 182-8585, Japan

\footnotesize
Graduated from the Moscow State University in 1980.
Got Ph.D. at Lebedev Physics Institute in 1988. Then works at Mexico, USA and Japan. Main resilts:
Century 20: Proven the quantum stability of the optical soliton, Suggested the low bound of the quantum noise of a nonlinear amplifier, Indicated the limit of the single mode approximation in quantum optics.
Century 21:
Invention and proof of the Theorem on the boundary behaviour of modes of the Dirichlet Laplacian,
Deduction of limits of passive coherent addition of lasers, 
Deduction of limit of the power Scaling for the thin-disk lasers,
Theory of ridged atomic mirrors,
Formalism of superfunctions, 
TORI Axioms.
%He is a research professor at the National School of Electricity and Mechanics (ENSEM), Hassan II University of Casablanca since 1986. He obtained his Ph.D. at the Paul Sabatier University of Toulouse (France, 1986) and a "Thèse d'État" in Mathematical Sciences at the Chouaib Doukkali University of El Jadida (Morocco, 2002). He is directing the teaching of mathematics applied to engineering students since 1986 to the present day. His research interests include numerical analysis of equations and partial differential systems (existence, uniqueness, regularity and behavior of solutions). His research has been the subject of several publications (indexed journals, conferences, books and chapters). Since 2015, he directs the research team in mathematical modeling and is the director of the (LRI) engineering research laboratory of the National School of Electricity and Mechanics (ENSEM).
\\[3mm]
%\end{biography}
\noindent 
%\scriptsize\---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\\\copyright 
\scriptsize%\-------
\\\copyright 
\it © Copyright 2019 The Author(s), Licensee Book Publisher International, This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License\\ (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0),\\
which permits unrestricted use, distribution,
and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is properly cited.\\[6mm]
{{\bf{DISCLAIMER\\}}
%}}
This chapter is compillation of already published results, mainly by the same author, that had appeared earliedr with CC BY license;
in particular, at Mizugadro, UFN \cite{rus}(in Russian), Journal of Modern Physics \cite{toria} and Chinese Optics Letters \cite{bro}. 
%\url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php/Place_of_science_in_the_human_knowledge} (2009-2020)\\
%\url{https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/BOOK/444.pdf} Dmitrii Kouznetsov. Superfunctions. 2014-2019.\\
%\url{https://ufn.ru/tribune/trib120111.pdf} UFN Tribune (In Russian): D.Kouznetsov. Place of science and physics in the human knowledge. Physics-Uspekhi, v.181, Trubune, p.1-9  (2010-2011)  \\
%%Journal of British Journal of Applied Science \& Technology, 21(3): 1-13, 2017. 
\\[6mm]
\noindent {\bf Reviewers’ Information}}\\
(1)\\
(2)\\
(3)\\
\end{document}
-+++- *

Let $\Omega$ $\subset \mathbb{R}^{N}$ $(N\geq1)$ be a bounded Lipshitz domain
and $0<T<\infty.~~$It will be assumed throughout this paper that $p(x)$ is
continuous function defined in $\overline{\Omega}$ with logarithmic module of
continuity :%
\[
2<p^{-}=\underset{\overline{\Omega}}{\inf}p(x)\leq p(x)\leq p^{+}%
=\underset{\overline{\Omega}}{\sup}p(x)<\infty,
\]

\begin{equation}
\left \{
\begin{array}
[c]{cl}%
a(x)\frac{\partial u}{\partial t}-\Delta_{p(x)}u=f(x,u), & \mbox{ in }\Omega
\times(0,T),\\
u=0, & \mbox{ on }\partial \Omega \times(0,T),\\
u(x,0)=u_{0}(x), & \mbox{in $\Omega$},
\end{array}
\right.  \tag{1.2}\label{1.2}%
\end{equation}

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