Difference between revisions of "Trillion"

From TORI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
 
 
(One intermediate revision by the same user not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
  +
<div style="float:right; width:360px">
−
[[File:Pallet x 10000.jpg|400px|thumb|Image of one trillion dollars <ref> http://www.pagetutor.com/trillion/index.html What does one TRILLION dollars look like?</ref>. Small object at the left shows the realtive size of a human body.]]
 +
[[File:Pallet x 10000.jpg|380px]] One trillion dollars by pagetutor <ref> http://www.pagetutor.com/trillion/index.html What does one TRILLION dollars look like?</ref>. Small object at the left shows the realtive size of a human body.</div>
⚫
[[Trillion]] – large amount of anything. This term is often used by authors, who cannot estimate even an [[order of magnitude]] of a quantities they are talking about.
  
  +
[[Trillion]] means large amount of anything.
   
−
Usually, value of a [[trillion]] varies from $10^{12}$ to $10^{18}$
 +
Value of a [[trillion]] may mean either
  +
\( 10^{12} \)
  +
or
  +
\( 10^{18} \)
 
<ref>
  
<ref>
 
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Trillion.html
  
http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Trillion.html
−
In the American system, one trillion equals $10^{12}$. In the French and German systems, one trillion equals $10^{18}$.
 +
In the American system, one trillion equals \(10^{12} = 1 000 000 000 000\). In the French and German systems, one trillion equals \(10^{18}\). //
  +
In recent years, the "American" system has become common in both the United States and Britain. In the words of The Chicago Manual of Style, "The American definitions are gaining acceptance, but writers need to remember the historical geographic distinctions." This use of a common meaning for "trillion" constitutes a fortunate development for standardization of terminology, albeit a somewhat regrettable development from the point of view that the British convention for representing large numbers is simpler and more logical than the American one.
 
</ref><ref>
  
</ref><ref>
 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion <br>
  
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion <br>
Line 11: Line 16:
 
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (one million million million; ; SI prefix: exa-) for all long scale countries<br>
  
1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (one million million million; ; SI prefix: exa-) for all long scale countries<br>
 
</ref>.
  
</ref>.
  +
  +
For this ambiguity, term [[trillion]] should not be used to denote any number in any [[science|scientific]] article; at least, if it is not supplied with definition, indicating, which of the two meanings above it corresponds to.
  +
==Errors==
  ⚫
This term is often used by authors, who cannot estimate even an [[order of magnitude]] of a quantities they are talking about. Not so many people can say, how many "zeros" appear in the native writing of one trillion
  +
<ref>
  +
Как выглядит 1 триллион рублей? МИР КОЛЛЕКЦИОНЕРА бонистика и нумизматика
  +
Oct 31, 2017.
  +
Yarko Coins Numismatics Нумизматика.
  +
..
  +
Немногие из нас скажут, сколько в триллионе нулей. ..
  +
</ref>.
  +
In the Russian literature, at least since year 2010, trillion appears as 10^12
  +
<ref>
  +
https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2010/12/08/326-1-000-000-000-000-odin-trillion
  +
Дарья Пыльнова, Дмитрий Шкрылёв. 1 000 000 000 000 (один триллион) //
  +
Президент РФ Дмитрий Медведев в недавнем послании Федеральному собранию подверг критике закон о госзакупках, заявив, что из-за коррупции государство ежегодно теряет на закупках 1 триллион рублей. Так, по данным председателя Счетной палаты Сергея Степашина, «около 1 триллиона рублей оседает в карманах жуликов и проходимцев» при общем объеме «из 6 триллионов рублей, направляемых в год на госзакупки». Этот материал вышел в № 138 от 8 декабря 2010 г.
  +
.. Федеральный бюджет России 2010 года в доходной части — 6 триллионов 950 млрд руб., в расходной — 9 триллионов 886,9 млрд руб. ..
  +
</ref>
  +
  +
In German and French literature, it refers to 10^18
  +
<ref>
  +
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion
  +
Das Wort Trillion (Abkürzung: Trill.) ist das Zahlwort für die Zahl 1.000.000.000.000.000.000 = 10^18, also die dritte Potenz von einer Million, daher die Vorsilbe tri.
  +
</ref><ref>https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion
  +
Un trillion est l'entier naturel qui vaut 10^18 (1 000 000 000 000 000 000) dans l'échelle longue, soit mille billiards ou un milliard de milliards, ou encore un million de millions de millions. Un trillion est ainsi égal à 1 000 0003, d'où le terme, formé de tri- et de million. Mille trillions est égal à un trilliard (1021).
  +
Dans le Système international d'unités, trillion est noté par le préfixe E (exa). // ..
  +
Échelle courte//
  +
Billet de 100 trillions de dollars zimbabwéens (échelle courte). Le nombre correspond à 100 billions dans l'échelle longue.//
  +
Dans les pays utilisant l'échelle courte, et notamment dans les publications scientifiques anglo-saxonnes destinées au grand public (vulgarisation d'articles scientifiques – la précision est importante car elle a fait l'objet d'une loi aux États-Unis[réf. nécessaire]), le trillion représente un millier de milliards ou 1012 (1 000 000 000 000) qui est appelé billion dans l'échelle longue (ce qui est une source de confusion lors des traductions).//
  +
Le préfixe correspondant à ce nombre dans le Système international d'unités est T (téra).
  +
</ref>
  +
  +
Perhaps, at least in some cases, the authors use the term just for confusion, although, in some case, they may just repeat someone's statement without any attempt to understand the meaning
  +
<ref>
  +
http://www.unipro.energy/pressroom/news/4818704/
  +
Сургутская ГРЭС-2 выработала 1 трлн. кВт*ч электроэнергии. Дата публикования: 15.01.18. ( 2018.01.15 )//
  +
27 декабря 2017 года в 08:05 Сургутская ГРЭС-2 первой из тепловых электростанций РФ выработала 1 триллион кВт*ч электроэнергии с момента пуска. Рекордного показателя филиал «Сургутская ГРЭС-2» ПАО «Юнипро» достиг за 32 года работы. Согласно данным системного оператора, такое количество электроэнергии вырабатывают все вместе взятые электростанции страны за год. //
  +
Сроки строительства и запуска Сургутской ГРЭС-2 не имели равных в стране: 4 800 МВт новой мощности были введены с 1985 по 1988 г.г. Новый этап в жизни электростанции начался спустя 20 лет: 23 июля 2011 года премьер-министр России В.В. Путин дал команду на пуск новых парогазовых энергоблоков ПГУ-400 суммарной мощностью 797,1 мвт. В 2016 году за счет перемаркировки шести энергоблоков ПСУ-800 МВт филиал «Сургутская ГРЭС-2» ПАО «Юнипро» официально получил суммарную прибавку мощности в 60 МВт. //
  +
Сургутская ГРЭС-2 – третья по мощности тепловая электростанция в мире. Она вырабатывает порядка половины всей электроэнергии, которая производится в ХМАО-Югре.
  +
</ref>.
  +
  +
==[[Fraud]]==
  +
Term [[Trillion]] is highly concussive and, therefore, can be used for [[fraud]]s. It may refers to 10^12 as well as to 10^18,
  +
dependently on the preferences of the interpreter.
  +
  +
For this confusion, it should be highly efficient in the [[motivated reasoning]] (sometimes called also [[female logics]]).
  +
 
For example, according to the
 
For example, according to the
 
the reparation and fines after the [[Fukushima disaster]] may cost to the taxpayers a 10 trillion yen
  
the reparation and fines after the [[Fukushima disaster]] may cost to the taxpayers a 10 trillion yen
Line 16: Line 68:
 
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nb20121108n1.html
  
http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nb20121108n1.html
 
AFP-Jiji, Kyodo, Bloomberg. Tepco doubles estimated costs// Nuke disaster mop-up may hit ¥10 trillion. Thursday, Nov. 8, 2012
  
AFP-Jiji, Kyodo, Bloomberg. Tepco doubles estimated costs// Nuke disaster mop-up may hit ¥10 trillion. Thursday, Nov. 8, 2012
−
</ref>, id est, from $10^{13}$yen to $10^{19}$yen. Roughly, the last estimate corresponds to one tenth of the amount of money, shown in the picture at right; of order of a dozen Fukushima-like nuclear plants have to explode in order to get the cost comparable to the amount shown in the figure.
 +
</ref>, id est, from \(10^{13}\)yen to \(10^{19}\)yen. Roughly, the last estimate corresponds to one tenth of the amount of money, shown in the picture at right; of order of a dozen Fukushima-like nuclear plants have to explode in order to get the cost comparable to the amount shown in the figure.
   
−
The play on the difference of the meanings of the word [[trillion]] may beat all other kinds of bysiness, as the norm of the interest is $10^{6}$ (instead of several percent in a usual kinds of business). In this sense, [[trillion]] is one of the most confusional terms used in the literature.
+
The play on the difference of the meanings of the word [[trillion]] may beat all other kinds of bysiness, as the norm of the interest is \(10^{6}\) (instead of several percent in a usual kinds of business). In this sense, [[trillion]] is one of the most confusional terms used in the literature.
  +
  +
==Examples==
  +
  +
2020.01.05, in negotiation with the Iran administration, [[Donald Trump]] indicates, that the USA may spend two trillion dollars for weapon to respond the Iran aggression.
  +
<ref name="don">
  +
https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/10673694/donald-trump-trillion-dollars-military-iran-us/
  +
Christy Cooney.
  +
Christy Cooney. Donald Trump threatens to strike back at Iran with ‘disproportionate’ force of $2trillion arsenal if it hits US targets
  +
5 Jan 2020, 21:25Updated: 5 Jan 2020, 21:46
  +
</ref><ref>
  +
https://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Trump-if-Iran-attacks-Americans-they-will-be-hit-very-fast-and-hard-613116
  +
Trump: US spent $2tn. on military equipment, will 'hit Iran fast and hard'
  +
In a series of tweets, the U.S. president said that his message should 'serve as a warning.'
  +
By OMRI NAHMIAS, TAMAR BEERI JANUARY 5, 2020 12:14
  +
</ref>
   
 
==References==
  
==References==
 
<references/>
  
<references/>
   
  +
<!-- does not load anymore
 
http://www.jimloy.com/math/billion.htm Million, Billion, Trillion... © Copyright 1999, Jim Loy
  
http://www.jimloy.com/math/billion.htm Million, Billion, Trillion... © Copyright 1999, Jim Loy
  +
!-->
  +
  +
==Keywords==
  +
[[Confusion]],
  +
[[Demagody]],
  +
[[Dialectics]],
  +
[[Donald Trump]],
  +
[[Female logics]],
  +
[[Motivated reasoning]],
  +
[[Number]],
  ⚫
[[Uncertainty]]
   
 
[[Category:Confusion]]
  
[[Category:Confusion]]
⚫
[[Category:Uncertainty]]
  
 
[[Category:Dialectics]]
  
[[Category:Dialectics]]
  +
[[Category:Donald Trump]],
  +
[[Category:English]]
 
[[Category:Number]]
  
[[Category:Number]]
  +
[[Category:Uncertainty]]

Latest revision as of 19:47, 6 January 2020

Pallet x 10000.jpg One trillion dollars by pagetutor [1]. Small object at the left shows the realtive size of a human body.

Trillion means large amount of anything.

Value of a trillion may mean either \( 10^{12} \) or \( 10^{18} \) [2][3].

For this ambiguity, term trillion should not be used to denote any number in any scientific article; at least, if it is not supplied with definition, indicating, which of the two meanings above it corresponds to.

Errors

This term is often used by authors, who cannot estimate even an order of magnitude of a quantities they are talking about. Not so many people can say, how many "zeros" appear in the native writing of one trillion [4]. In the Russian literature, at least since year 2010, trillion appears as 10^12 [5]

In German and French literature, it refers to 10^18 [6][7]

Perhaps, at least in some cases, the authors use the term just for confusion, although, in some case, they may just repeat someone's statement without any attempt to understand the meaning [8].

Fraud

Term Trillion is highly concussive and, therefore, can be used for frauds. It may refers to 10^12 as well as to 10^18, dependently on the preferences of the interpreter.

For this confusion, it should be highly efficient in the motivated reasoning (sometimes called also female logics).

For example, according to the the reparation and fines after the Fukushima disaster may cost to the taxpayers a 10 trillion yen [9], id est, from \(10^{13}\)yen to \(10^{19}\)yen. Roughly, the last estimate corresponds to one tenth of the amount of money, shown in the picture at right; of order of a dozen Fukushima-like nuclear plants have to explode in order to get the cost comparable to the amount shown in the figure.

The play on the difference of the meanings of the word trillion may beat all other kinds of bysiness, as the norm of the interest is \(10^{6}\) (instead of several percent in a usual kinds of business). In this sense, trillion is one of the most confusional terms used in the literature.

Examples

2020.01.05, in negotiation with the Iran administration, Donald Trump indicates, that the USA may spend two trillion dollars for weapon to respond the Iran aggression. [10][11]

References

  1. ↑ http://www.pagetutor.com/trillion/index.html What does one TRILLION dollars look like?
  2. ↑ http://mathworld.wolfram.com/Trillion.html In the American system, one trillion equals \(10^{12} = 1 000 000 000 000\). In the French and German systems, one trillion equals \(10^{18}\). // In recent years, the "American" system has become common in both the United States and Britain. In the words of The Chicago Manual of Style, "The American definitions are gaining acceptance, but writers need to remember the historical geographic distinctions." This use of a common meaning for "trillion" constitutes a fortunate development for standardization of terminology, albeit a somewhat regrettable development from the point of view that the British convention for representing large numbers is simpler and more logical than the American one.
  3. ↑ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion
    1,000,000,000,000 (one million million; ; SI prefix: tera-) for all short scale countries
    1,000,000,000,000,000,000 (one million million million; ; SI prefix: exa-) for all long scale countries
  4. ↑ Как выглядит 1 триллион рублей? МИР КОЛЛЕКЦИОНЕРА бонистика и нумизматика Oct 31, 2017. Yarko Coins Numismatics Нумизматика. .. Немногие из нас скажут, сколько в триллионе нулей. ..
  5. ↑ https://novayagazeta.ru/articles/2010/12/08/326-1-000-000-000-000-odin-trillion Дарья Пыльнова, Дмитрий Шкрылёв. 1 000 000 000 000 (один триллион) // Президент РФ Дмитрий Медведев в недавнем послании Федеральному собранию подверг критике закон о госзакупках, заявив, что из-за коррупции государство ежегодно теряет на закупках 1 триллион рублей. Так, по данным председателя Счетной палаты Сергея Степашина, «около 1 триллиона рублей оседает в карманах жуликов и проходимцев» при общем объеме «из 6 триллионов рублей, направляемых в год на госзакупки». Этот материал вышел в № 138 от 8 декабря 2010 г. .. Федеральный бюджет России 2010 года в доходной части — 6 триллионов 950 млрд руб., в расходной — 9 триллионов 886,9 млрд руб. ..
  6. ↑ https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion Das Wort Trillion (Abkürzung: Trill.) ist das Zahlwort für die Zahl 1.000.000.000.000.000.000 = 10^18, also die dritte Potenz von einer Million, daher die Vorsilbe tri.
  7. ↑ https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trillion Un trillion est l'entier naturel qui vaut 10^18 (1 000 000 000 000 000 000) dans l'échelle longue, soit mille billiards ou un milliard de milliards, ou encore un million de millions de millions. Un trillion est ainsi égal à 1 000 0003, d'où le terme, formé de tri- et de million. Mille trillions est égal à un trilliard (1021). Dans le Système international d'unités, trillion est noté par le préfixe E (exa). // .. Échelle courte// Billet de 100 trillions de dollars zimbabwéens (échelle courte). Le nombre correspond à 100 billions dans l'échelle longue.// Dans les pays utilisant l'échelle courte, et notamment dans les publications scientifiques anglo-saxonnes destinées au grand public (vulgarisation d'articles scientifiques – la précision est importante car elle a fait l'objet d'une loi aux États-Unis[réf. nécessaire]), le trillion représente un millier de milliards ou 1012 (1 000 000 000 000) qui est appelé billion dans l'échelle longue (ce qui est une source de confusion lors des traductions).// Le préfixe correspondant à ce nombre dans le Système international d'unités est T (téra).
  8. ↑ http://www.unipro.energy/pressroom/news/4818704/ Сургутская ГРЭС-2 выработала 1 трлн. кВт*ч электроэнергии. Дата публикования: 15.01.18. ( 2018.01.15 )// 27 декабря 2017 года в 08:05 Сургутская ГРЭС-2 первой из тепловых электростанций РФ выработала 1 триллион кВт*ч электроэнергии с момента пуска. Рекордного показателя филиал «Сургутская ГРЭС-2» ПАО «Юнипро» достиг за 32 года работы. Согласно данным системного оператора, такое количество электроэнергии вырабатывают все вместе взятые электростанции страны за год. // Сроки строительства и запуска Сургутской ГРЭС-2 не имели равных в стране: 4 800 МВт новой мощности были введены с 1985 по 1988 г.г. Новый этап в жизни электростанции начался спустя 20 лет: 23 июля 2011 года премьер-министр России В.В. Путин дал команду на пуск новых парогазовых энергоблоков ПГУ-400 суммарной мощностью 797,1 мвт. В 2016 году за счет перемаркировки шести энергоблоков ПСУ-800 МВт филиал «Сургутская ГРЭС-2» ПАО «Юнипро» официально получил суммарную прибавку мощности в 60 МВт. // Сургутская ГРЭС-2 – третья по мощности тепловая электростанция в мире. Она вырабатывает порядка половины всей электроэнергии, которая производится в ХМАО-Югре.
  9. ↑ http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/nb20121108n1.html AFP-Jiji, Kyodo, Bloomberg. Tepco doubles estimated costs// Nuke disaster mop-up may hit ¥10 trillion. Thursday, Nov. 8, 2012
  10. ↑ https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/10673694/donald-trump-trillion-dollars-military-iran-us/ Christy Cooney. Christy Cooney. Donald Trump threatens to strike back at Iran with ‘disproportionate’ force of $2trillion arsenal if it hits US targets 5 Jan 2020, 21:25Updated: 5 Jan 2020, 21:46
  11. ↑ https://www.jpost.com/Middle-East/Trump-if-Iran-attacks-Americans-they-will-be-hit-very-fast-and-hard-613116 Trump: US spent $2tn. on military equipment, will 'hit Iran fast and hard' In a series of tweets, the U.S. president said that his message should 'serve as a warning.' By OMRI NAHMIAS, TAMAR BEERI JANUARY 5, 2020 12:14


Keywords

Confusion, Demagody, Dialectics, Donald Trump, Female logics, Motivated reasoning, Number, Uncertainty,

Retrieved from "https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php?title=Trillion&oldid=31902"