Richard Van Evera Lovelace
Richard Van Evera Lovelace is an American astrophysicist and plasma physicist. Lovelace is the best known for discovery of period of https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsarpulsar in \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_Nebula}{Crab Nebula} (\href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_Pulsar}{Crab pulsar}), which helped to prove that pulsars are rotating \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_star}
{neutron stars}, for developing a magnetic model of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astrophysical_jet}{jets from galaxies}, and for developing a model of
\href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_wave#:~:text=Rossby%20waves%2C%20also%20known%20as,the%20rotation%20of%20the%20planet.}{Rossby waves} in \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accretion_disk}{accretion disks}. He organized the \href{http://hosting.astro.cornell.edu/us-russia/index.html}{US-Russia collaboration in Plasma Astrophysics}, which obtained many pioneering results in modeling of plasma accretion and outflows from magnetized rotating stars.
Early life
Lovelace was born in \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis}{Saint Louis} on October 16, 1941. His father, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldridge_Lovelace}{Eldridge Lovelace}, was a city planner, and had frequent travels to cities in the US and abroad. He often took his family with him, and Richard visited many places in the US and other countries. Father was also a specialist in parks and an artist, so that they visited many parks, museums and art galleries. Richard's mother Marjorie Van Evera Lovelace, liked to write. She wrote a book about family trips and other stories: \href{https://www.amazon.com/Marjorie-Remembers-Writings-Evera-Lovelace/dp/B001D0OUBQ}{``Marjorie Remembers}.
Richard went to \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Burroughs_School}{John Burroughs school}, where he showed talent in physics and math. He collected in a home lab different electronic equipment, and developed \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio}{radios}, etc. He was interested in the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_exploration}. In 1957, he observed the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sputnik_1}{Soviet Sputnik}, passing over \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis}{Saint Louis}, and together with parents, he went to \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida}{Florida} to observe \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_human_spaceflights,_1961%E2%80%931970}{first launches of American spacecrafts}.
\section{Career}
\noindent Lovelace was Professor at \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cornell_University}{Cornell University} from 1972 to 2020. He was Professor in the \href{https://www.aep.cornell.edu/aep}{Department of the Applied and Engineering Physics} and the \href{https://astro.cornell.edu/}{Astronomy Department}.
He has been teaching different classes for undergraduate and graduate students. For the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluid_mechanics}{“Continuum Physics”} class, he developed a suite of 14 demonstrations including a \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venturi_effect}{Venturi tube} and a smoke-ring generator. See an example of experiment with fluids here inhomogeneities in rotating fluid \href{https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOOSyDw5jYw&t=72s}{here}. With one of the students, Greg Stein, he has written a book ``Fluid Flows . He has taught for many years the graduate E \& M course on Applied Electrodynamics.
Lovelace was Director of Master of Engineering Program 1991--2000.
Awarded for Excellence in Teaching Prize from the \href{https://www.tbp.org/home.cfm}{Engineering Honor Society Tau Beta Pi}, 1988.
Lovelace was a member of the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Clerk_Maxwell_Prize_for_Plasma_Physics}{Maxwell prize} committee of the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Physical_Society}{American Physical
Society} 2009-2011. He was a member of the Advisory board of the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guggenheim_Fellowship}{Guggenheim Foundation}, 1994-2005. Referee of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters}{Physical Review Letters}, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physics_of_Plasmas}{Physics of Plasmas}, Astrophysical Journal, MNRAS, Astronomy and Astrophysics 1972--2020. Divisional Associate Editor, \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Review_Letters}{Physical Review Letters}, 1997-2000. Associate Editor for Physics of Plasmas, 2003-2019. Editorial board member: \href{https://comp-astrophys-cosmol.springeropen.com/}{Journal of Computational Astrophysics and Cosmology}, 2010 - present.
In 1991, he started the US-Russia Collaboration in Plasma Astrophysics. This collaboration helped to
achieve many pioneering results in science. This is the only \href{http://hosting.astro.cornell.edu/us-russia/index.html}{US-Russian collaboration in plasma astrophysics}. In 2000, he initiated the \href{http://hosting.astro.cornell.edu/research/projects/us-kaz/}{US-Kazakhstan Astrophysics Collaboration}, which greatly helped scientists of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstan}{Kazakhstan}, 2000--2004.
Research
1. In 1969, Lovelace discovered the period of the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crab_Pulsar}{Crab Nebula pulsar}, which is about P=33 ms \cite{Lovelace1969,LovelaceTyler2012}. He developed a special fast-Fourier transform program, which helped to separate the period from the noise. After this discovery, scientists concluded that pulsars are rotating neutron stars. Before that, many scientists believed that pulsars are pulsating white dwarfs. After discovering such a rapidly rotating star it become clear that it had to be a rotating neutron star.
2. Proposed a model of jets from disks surrounding massive \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole}{black holes} in galaxies \cite{Lovelace1976}. The model is based on the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamo_theory}{dynamo mechanism} acting in the magnetized accretion disk surrounding a black hole or other gravitating object. The model has been widely accepted by the astronomical community and now is the main model explaining jets from galaxies, stars and planets.
3. For the first time, suggested that \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rossby_wave}{Rossby waves} (observed in atmospheres of \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giant_planet#:~:text=There%20are%20four%20known%20giant,Roman%20god%20%22Jupiter%22).}{giant planets}, such as the \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Red_Spot}{great red spot} at \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter}{Jupiter}) are important in astrophysical accretion disks (e.g., \cite{LovelaceEtAl1999},\cite{LovelaceRomanova2014}). These waves form \href{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vortex}{vorticies} in accretion discs, where dust particles accumulate and are probable places for formation of planets (e.g., \cite{LovelaceRomanova2014}).
Richard Lovelace ([[]]) is astrophysicist at the Cornell University
[1].
Pulsars and Neutron stars
1969, Lovelace and his coauthors suggest interpretation of the already discovered pulsar (Crab nebula pulsar NP 0532) as rotating neutorn stars, that emit narrow beam of radiowaves.[2] Soon after his suggestion, such an interpretation had been confirmed [3]
References
- ↑ https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=1z8aNPIAAAAJ Richard VE Lovelace Professor, Departments of Astronomy and Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University. (2020)
- ↑ https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1038/221453a0.pdf Crab nebula pulsar NP 0532 J.M.Comella, H.D.Craft, R.V.E.Lovelace, J.M.Sutton, G.Leonard Tyler Nature Volume 221 Issue 5179 Pages 453-454 Publication date 1969/2/1 BECAUSE of the conjecture that pulsars are neutron stars, which are possibly produced in supernova events, the possible association of pulsars with supernova remnants is of great interest. Staelin and Reifenstein recently reported1 the discovery of two pulsed radio sources near the Crab nebula, which is the remnant of the supernova observed by the Chinese in AD 1054. Pulses from both sources were described as very sporadic, and no periodic phenomena were evident.
- ↑ Private communication. 2020.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron_star A neutron star is the collapsed core of a massive supergiant star, which had a total mass of between 10 and 25 solar masses, possibly more if the star was especially metal-rich.[1] Neutron stars are the smallest and densest stellar objects, excluding black holes and hypothetical white holes, quark stars, and strange stars.[2] Neutron stars have a radius on the order of 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) and a mass of about 1.4 solar masses.[3] They result from the supernova explosion of a massive star, combined with gravitational collapse, that compresses the core past white dwarf star density to that of atomic nuclei.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsar A pulsar (from pulse and -ar as in quasar)[1] is a highly magnetized rotating compact star (usually neutron stars but also white dwarfs) that emits beams of electromagnetic radiation out of its magnetic poles.[2] This radiation can be observed only when a beam of emission is pointing toward Earth (much like the way a lighthouse can be seen only when the light is pointed in the direction of an observer), and is responsible for the pulsed appearance of emission. Neutron stars are very dense, and have short, regular rotational periods. This produces a very precise interval between pulses that ranges from milliseconds to seconds for an individual pulsar. Pulsars are one of the candidates for the source of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (see also centrifugal mechanism of acceleration). // The periods of pulsars make them very useful tools for astronomers. Observations of a pulsar in a binary neutron star system were used to indirectly confirm the existence of gravitational radiation. The first extrasolar planets were discovered around a pulsar, PSR B1257+12. In 1983, certain types of pulsars were detected that at that time exceeded atomic clocks in their accuracy in keeping time.[3]
Keywords
Cornell Univercity, Ion ring, Neutron star, Pulsar, Richard Lovelace, Scholar