File:Exm1mapT200.jpg

Complex map of the $-1$st iteration of exponent, which is also $1$th iteration of logarithm;

$u+\mathrm i v= \exp^{-1}(x+\mathrm i y)=\ln(x+\mathrm i y)= \mathrm{tet}(-1+\mathrm{ate}(x+\mathrm i y))$

For the evaluation, the iterate of exponential is expressed through tetration tet and arctetration ate. The complex double implementations FSEXP and FSLOG are used in the C++ code below.

C++ generator of curves

// Files ado.cin, conto.cin, fsexp.cin and fslog.cin should be loaded in the working directory in order to compile the code below.

#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define DB double
#define DO(x,y) for(x=0;x<y;x++)
using namespace std;
#include<complex>
typedef complex<double> z_type;
#define Re(x) x.real()
#define Im(x) x.imag()
#define I z_type(0.,1.)
#include "conto.cin"
#include "fsexp.cin"
#include "fslog.cin"
main(){ int j,k,m,n; DB x,y, p,q, t; z_type z,c,d, cu,cd;
int M=401,M1=M+1;
int N=403,N1=N+1;
DB X[M1],Y[N1];
DB *g, *f, *w; // w is working array.
g=(DB *)malloc((size_t)((M1*N1)*sizeof(DB)));
f=(DB *)malloc((size_t)((M1*N1)*sizeof(DB)));
w=(DB *)malloc((size_t)((M1*N1)*sizeof(DB)));
char v[M1*N1]; // v is working array
FILE *o;o=fopen("exm1map.eps","w"); ado(o,802,402);
fprintf(o,"401 1 translate\n 100 100 scale\n");
fprintf(o,"1 setlinejoin 2 setlinecap\n");
DO(m,M1) X[m]=-4+.02*(m-.5);
DO(n,N1) { y=0.+.01*(n-.5); if(y>Im(Zo)) break; Y[n]=y; }
Y[n]  =Im(Zo)-.00001;
Y[n+1]=Im(Zo)+.00001;
for(m=n+2;m<N1;m++) Y[m]=.01*(m-2-.5);
for(m=-4;m<5;m++){M(m,0) L(m,4)  }
for(n=0;n<5;n++){M(  -4,n) L(4,n)}
 fprintf(o,".006 W 0 0 0 RGB S\n");
DO(m,M1)DO(n,N1){      g[m*N1+n]=999; f[m*N1+n]=999;}
DO(m,M1){x=X[m]; if(m/10*10==m) printf("x=%6.3f\n",x);
DO(n,N1){y=Y[n]; z=z_type(x,y); //if(abs(z+2.)>.019)
c=FSEXP(-1.+FSLOG(z));
 p=Re(c); q=Im(c);// if(p>-19 && p<19 && ( x<2. ||  fabs(q)>1.e-12 && fabs(p)>1.e-12) )
                  { g[m*N1+n]=p;f[m*N1+n]=q;}
       }}
fprintf(o,"1 setlinejoin 1 setlinecap\n");   p=2.;q=1;
conto(o,g,w,v,X,Y,M,N, Re(Zo),-p,p);fprintf(o,".03 W 0 1 0 RGB S\n");
conto(o,f,w,v,X,Y,M,N, Im(Zo),-p,p);fprintf(o,".03 W 0 1 0 RGB S\n");
for(m=-8;m<8;m++)for(n=2;n<10;n+=2)conto(o,f,w,v,X,Y,M,N,(m+.1*n),-q,q);fprintf(o,".007 W 0 .6 0 RGB S\n");
for(m=0;m<8;m++) for(n=2;n<10;n+=2)conto(o,g,w,v,X,Y,M,N,-(m+.1*n),-q,q);fprintf(o,".007 W .9 0 0 RGB S\n");
for(m=0;m<8;m++) for(n=2;n<10;n+=2)conto(o,g,w,v,X,Y,M,N, (m+.1*n),-q,q);fprintf(o,".007 W 0 0 .9 RGB S\n");
for(m= 1;m<17;m++) conto(o,f,w,v,X,Y,M,N, (0.-m),-q,q);fprintf(o,".02 W .8 0 0 RGB S\n");
for(m= 1;m<17;m++) conto(o,f,w,v,X,Y,M,N, (0.+m),-q,q);fprintf(o,".02 W 0 0 .8 RGB S\n");
               conto(o,f,w,v,X,Y,M,N, (0.  ),-p,p); fprintf(o,".02 W .5 0 .5 RGB S\n");
for(m=-16;m<17;m++)conto(o,g,w,v,X,Y,M,N,(0.+m),-q,q);fprintf(o,".02 W 0 0 0 RGB S\n");
fprintf(o,"0 setlinejoin 0 setlinecap\n");

M(Re(Zo),Im(Zo))L(-4,Im(Zo)) fprintf(o,"1 1 1 RGB .022 W S\n");
DO(n,40){M(Re(Zo)-.2*n,Im(Zo))L(Re(Zo)-.2*(n+.4),Im(Zo)) }
 fprintf(o,"0 0 0 RGB .032 W S\n");
DO(n,21){M(-4+.2*n,0) L(-4+.2*(n+.4),0) }
 fprintf(o,"0 0 0 RGB .032 W S\n");
fprintf(o,"showpage\n");
fprintf(o,"%c%cTrailer\n",'%','%');
fclose(o);  free(f); free(g); free(w);
      system("epstopdf exm1map.eps"); 
      system(    "open exm1map.pdf"); //for macintosh
      getchar(); system("killall Preview"); // For macintosh
}

Latex generator of labels

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