File:ShellThronRegionPaulsen2.png

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ShellThronRegionPaulsen2.png(569 × 580 pixels, file size: 16 KB, MIME type: image/png)

Shell-Thron region in the complex plane (inside the loop).

Figure 1 from publication by William Harold Paulsen, 2019 [1]:

We say that the base \(b\) is in the Shell-Thron region if the sequence of values

\( \{ b, b^b, b^{b^b}, b^{b^{b^b}}, ... \}\)

converge to a finite fixed point.

References

  1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/325532999_Tetration_for_complex_bases
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10444-018-9615-7 William Harold Paulsen. Tetration for complex bases. Advances in Computational Mathematics, volume 45, pages 243–267(2019) Abstract In this paper we will consider the tetration, defined by the equation \( F(z+1)= b^F(z)\) in the complex plane with \( F(0)=1\), for the case where \(b\) is complex. A previous paper determined conditions for a unique solution the case where \( b \) is real and \(b>e^{1/e}\). In this paper we extend these results to find conditions which determine a unique solution for complex bases. We also develop iteration methods for numerically approximating the function F(z), both for bases inside and outside the Shell-Thron region. .. We say that the base \(b\) is in the Shell-Thron region if the sequence of values \( \{ b, b^b, b^{b^b}, b^{b^{b^b}}, ... \}\) converge to a finite fixed point. ..

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