Hiragana

w	r	y	m	h	んン	t	s	k
わワ	らラ	やヤ	まマ	はハ	なナ	たタ	さサ	かカ	あア
-	りリ	-	みミ	ひヒ	にニ	ちチ	しシ	きキ	いイ
-	るル	ゆユ	むム	ふフ	ぬヌ	つツ	すス	くク	うウ
-	れレ	-	めメ	へヘ	ねネ	てテ	せセ	けケ	えエ
をヲ	ろロ	よヨ	もモ	ほホ	のノ	とト	そソ	こコ	おオ

Hiragana is Japanese phonetic alphabet. The phonetically-ordered table of Hiragana and Katakata charters is shown above.

Each Hiragana or Katakana character is encoded with 3 bytes (in the utf-8 encoding).

Encosing

Hiragana occupies the Utf-8 table since character X3041 to X3095 while Katakana occupies the Utf-8 table since character X30a1 to X30f3:

x3040 ぀ ぁ あ ぃ い ぅ う ぇ え ぉ お か が き ぎ く
x3050 ぐ け げ こ ご さ ざ し じ す ず せ ぜ そ ぞ た
x3060 だ ち ぢ っ つ づ て で と ど な に ぬ ね の は
x3070 ば ぱ ひ び ぴ ふ ぶ ぷ へ べ ぺ ほ ぼ ぽ ま み
x3080 む め も ゃ や ゅ ゆ ょ よ ら り る れ ろ ゎ わ
x3090 ゐ ゑ を ん ゔ ゕ ゖ ゗ ゘ ゙ ゚ ゛ ゜ ゝ ゞ ゟ
x30a0 ゠ ァ ア ィ イ ゥ ウ ェ エ ォ オ カ ガ キ ギ ク
x30b0 グ ケ ゲ コ ゴ サ ザ シ ジ ス ズ セ ゼ ソ ゾ タ
x30c0 ダ チ ヂ ッ ツ ヅ テ デ ト ド ナ ニ ヌ ネ ノ ハ
x30d0 バ パ ヒ ビ ピ フ ブ プ ヘ ベ ペ ホ ボ ポ マ ミ
x30e0 ム メ モ ャ ヤ ュ ユ ョ ヨ ラ リ ル レ ロ ヮ ワ
x30f0 ヰ ヱ ヲ ン ヴ ヵ ヶ ヷ ヸ ヹ ヺ ・ ー ヽ ヾ ヿ

There are also other encoding systems; they pretend to use less bytes/character. By default, the text in a non-standard encoding appears as abracadabra, «пьяный ёжик»; then, some special efforts and some programming tools are required to read the text.

Japanese characters

In Japanese, there are 4 types of characters:

Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji and Romanji.

The last one is just another name of the ascii characters, since X0020 (spacebar) to X007E (tilde).

In addition, in Japanese, the following punctuation characters are usual:
「 (equivalent of left quote symbol «),
」 (equivalent of right quote symbol »),
、 (equivalent of comma ,),
。 ("maru", equivalent of dot .),
ー ("long dash" means prolongation of the previous sound),
[[　]] (long space).

Example:

もし私がワニだったら、ナイル川に行くでしょう。
そして、この傾向では、友人に「さようなら」を言うとしたら次のようになります:
「また会いましょう、アリゲーター！」　-　「しばらくの間、クロコダイル！」

Meaning:
If I were a crocodile, I would go to the Nile.
And this way how in this trend, would I say "goodbye" to friends: «See you later, Alligator!» - «For a while, Crocodile!»

In addition, the «long space» is often used to separate words

Many sites about Japanese languages, trying to confuse the readers, just miss description of the special punctuation and that of Romanji .

Some Japanese characters have many confusion encodings; but namely Hiragana seems to be unambiguous.

Hiragana has an advantage, that in the most of cases, just reading the names of the characters, one by one, provide the correct pronunciation of the word. Most of other languages do not have such a property. In technical language Tarja, all the ambiguous kanji are replaced to their closest Hiragana or Romani equivalents; the choice of the romanization is not straightforward .

References

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiragana Hiragana (平仮名, ひらがな, IPA: [çiɾaɡaꜜna, çiɾaɡana(ꜜ)]) is a Japanese syllabary, part of the Japanese writing system, along with katakana as well as kanji.

Keywords

«Japanese», «Tarja», «SomeU»,