Statement
Statement (утверждение, высказывание) is a linguistic object containing at least one sentence.
Statements are elements of reasoning; in particular, Elements of scientific reasoning.
The classification is under constriction with goal to distribute the possible meanings among popular (and often abused) terms.
The definitions are developed to avoid confuses.
Statements can be used in any kind of reasoning.
Statements are element of Motivated reasoning (see also «Female logic», «Как писать фейки» (in Russian)); these cases are qualified as kind of abuse.
Some statements can be interpreted as logical variables; they can be assigned value true or false.
Some statements are trivial (do not carry new knowledge), see figure above.
Some statements are non-trivial, doubtful, not obvious, "outstanding".
Sone statements are qualified as concepts, and some of them (Scientific concepts) satisfy the TORI axioms. Namely these statements are especially important at TORI.
Examples
1. «The transparent oil found in the cow, does not facilitate the cow’s nourishment, but being processed in an appropriate fashion, it provides the finest of nutrition.» [1]
2. «Unbreakable Union of freeborn Republics // Great Russia has welded forever to stand..» [2]
3. «Russia never attacked anyone first.» [3]
4. «Quantum fluctuations annihilate an optical soliton.»
[4]
5. «Quantum fluctuations do not annihilate the optical soliton.» [5]
6. «There exist no real-holomorphic solution \(F\) of equation \(F(z\!+\!1)=\exp(F(z))\) » [6]
7. «There exist unique real-holomorphic solution \(F\) of equations \(F(z\!+\!1)=\exp(F(z))~\), \(~F(0)\!=\!1~\), \(~F(x\!+\!\mathrm i \infty)= - \)LambertW\((-1)~\), \(~F(x\!-\!\mathrm i \infty)= - \)LambertW\((-1)^*\)» [7]
8. «The mass of the electron is 9.109×10⁻³¹ kg.» [8]
9. «Point O lies inside triangle ABC.»
The statement may have no sense (no values can be assigned to the statement), example 1 above.
The statement may have value "false" or "true", examples 2,3,4,5,6,7 above
Value of a statement may depend on the precision required, example 8 above.
Value of a statement may depend on the notations used; how the objects mentioned are defined in the context, example 9 above.
Propaganda
Combination of trivial statements with false statements is denoted with term «propaganda» («Пропаганда»).
Propaganda is used for misinformation.
The meaningful information can be extracted from propaganda using the Rule of Newspeak.
At the translation from Newspeak, every non-trivial statement of the propagandistic text is replaced to its opposite.
The higher is concentration of the wrong, false statements in propaganda, the better this method works.
This tool is used to get information from propagandistic statements and to construct emulations based on the propagandistic publications.
Warning
The definitions in TORI are constructed in order to avoid confusions typical for the careless use the terms.
The definitions in TORI may significantly deviate from those suggested in Britannica and Wikipedia.
Indications to possible contraversials, contradictions in definitions and uses of the terms in TORI should be appreciated.
References
- ↑ https://www.rulit.me/books/monday-starts-on-saturday-read-498213-17.html Arkady and Boris Strugatsky. Monday Starts on Saturday. Chapter 5, Page 17. .. “The transparent oil found in the cow,” the mirror pronounced with idiotic profundity, “does not facilitate the cow’s nourishment, but being processed in an appropriate fashion, it provides the finest of nutrition.” ..
- ↑ http://www.cyberussr.com/rus/eng/sg-gimn.html Copyright © 2000 by Hugo S. Cunningham // Original Soviet text was not copyrighted // File added 001216 // last modified 021004 // Anthem of the Soviet Union (original 1943 version) The Russian lyrics appeared in E. Belova and L. Todd,English: A Textbook of the English Language for the 7th Grade in 7-year and Secondary Schools (third edition)State Textbook and Pedagogical Publishers of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR, Moscow, 1951; p. 66. // ..The following English version, appearing in Todd and Belova p. 67, can be sung. It gave up the accuracy of literal translation to preserve meter and rhyme. The translator's name did not appear in the source document. // Unbreakable Union of freeborn republics // Great Russia has welded forever to stand; ..
- ↑ https://tass.com/politics/1380925 26 DEC 2021, 03:50 Russia never attacked anyone first, Kremlin says // Lately, in the West and Ukraine, the claims of an alleged possible Russian "invasion" into Ukrainian territory are being touted increasingly more often MOSCOW, December 25. /TASS/. Kremlin Spokesman Dmitry Peskov has stated that Russia has never attacked anyone first. // "Russia never attacked anyone first," he told the Russia-1 TV channel on Saturday in response to a question as to whether Russia was calculating possible moves by other countries ahead of time.
- ↑ http://jetpletters.ru/ps/1147/article_17357.shtml A.V.Belinskii. Quantum fluctuations annihilate an optical soliton. JETP letters, VOLUME 53 (1991) | ISSUE 2 | PAGE 74. Quantum effects which accompany the propagation of a Schrodinger soliton in an intrinsically nonlinear optical fiber lead to a gradual destruction of the soliton. The reason for the destruction is identified.
- ↑ https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-8998/4/4/003 D.Yu.Kouznetsov Quantum fluctuations do not annihilate the optical soliton. Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd Quantum Optics: Journal of the European Optical Society Part B, Volume 4, Number 4 Citation D Yu Kouznetsov 1992 Quantum Opt. 4 221 DOI 10.1088/0954-8998/4/4/003 // Abstract The behaviour of optical solitons in non-linear fibres with dispersion is discussed. The possibility of quantum decay of the fundamental soliton is investigated. The evolution of the second-order correlation function is analysed. A theorem on the evolution of the fourth-order correlation function is presented. It provides the proof of the stability of the fundamental soliton.
- ↑ https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/ 10652460500422247 M.H.Hooshmand. Ultra power and ultra exponential functions. Integral Transforms and Special Functions, 2006, 17 (8): 549–558.
- ↑ https://www.ams.org/journals/mcom/2009-78-267/S0025-5718-09-02188-7/S0025-5718-09-02188-7.pdf Dmitrii Kouznetsov. Solution of F(z+1)=exp(F(z)) in complex z-plane. Mathematics of Computation, Volume 78, Number 267, July 2009, Pages 1647–1670 S 0025-5718(09)02188-7 Article electronically published on January 6, 2009. Abstract. Tetration F as the analytic solution of equations F(z − 1) = ln(F (z)), F (0) = 1 is considered. The representation is suggested through the integral equation for values of F at the imaginary axis. ..
- ↑ ChatGPT. Private communication, 2025.
2017.09.19. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zh3Yz3PiXZw Alternative Math | Short Film // Ideaman Sep 19, 2017 // A well meaning math teacher finds herself trumped by a post-fact America.
Keywords
«Concept», «Emulation», «Error», «False», «Female logic», «Fraud», «Logic», «Mistake», «Misprint», «Motivated reasoning», «Proposition», «Propaganda», «Rule of Newspeak», «Semantics», «Science», «Scientific concept», «Theorem», «Will the Soviet Union Survive until 1984», «TORI», «TORI axioms», «True», «Statement»,
«Аксиомы ТОРИ», «Враньё», «Высказывание», «Заметки о женской логике», «Как писать фейки», «Предсказания революций», «Правило новояза», «Пропаганда», «Утверждение», «Философия Галагана»,