Difference between revisions of "Japan"

From TORI
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 39: Line 39:
   
 
==Political design of Japan==
  
==Political design of Japan==
  +
⚫
[[File:600px-Imperial Seal of Japan.svg.png|140px|tight|thumb|Imperial seal of Japan]]
  
  +
<div style="float:left;width:0px">
  +
<div style="float:right;width:170px">
  ⚫
[[File:600px-Imperial Seal of Japan.svg.png|140px]]<small> Imperial seal of Japan</small>
  +
</div></div>
 
During centuries, Japan remains [[monarchy]], although, since century 20, the role of the Emperor (Tenno) does not seem to be dominant in the national and foreign politics of Japan.
  
During centuries, Japan remains [[monarchy]], although, since century 20, the role of the Emperor (Tenno) does not seem to be dominant in the national and foreign politics of Japan.
   
Line 49: Line 53:
   
 
==Top of science and technology==
  
==Top of science and technology==
  +
⚫
[[File:MicroChipAtomicTrap00.jpg|140px|right|thumb|[[microchip atom trap|Atom trap]] <ref name="nakagawa2006">{{cite journal
  
  +
<div style="float:left;width:0px">
  +
<div style="float:right;width:174px">
  ⚫
[[File:MicroChipAtomicTrap00.jpg|144px]] <small>[[microchip atom trap|Atom trap]] <ref name="nakagawa2006">{{cite journal
 
| author= M.Horikoshi
  
| author= M.Horikoshi
 
| coauthors= K.Nakagawa
  
| coauthors= K.Nakagawa
Line 59: Line 66:
 
| journal=[[Applied Physics B]]
  
| journal=[[Applied Physics B]]
 
| doi= 10.1007/s00340-005-2083-z
  
| doi= 10.1007/s00340-005-2083-z
−
}}</ref>]]
 +
}}</ref>
  +
</small>
  +
</div></div>
   
 
Researchers from other countries come to Japan, considering it as the world's top of technology
 
Researchers from other countries come to Japan, considering it as the world's top of technology
Line 89: Line 98:
 
(Half-iteration of [[factorial]], id est, such function \(f\) that \(f(f(x))=x!\)) also have been solved in Japan <ref name="fac">http://www.springerlink.com/content/qt31671237421111/fulltext.pdf?page=1 D.Kouznetsov, H.Trappmann. Superfunctions and square root of factorial. Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 2010, v.65, No.1, p.6-12
  
(Half-iteration of [[factorial]], id est, such function \(f\) that \(f(f(x))=x!\)) also have been solved in Japan <ref name="fac">http://www.springerlink.com/content/qt31671237421111/fulltext.pdf?page=1 D.Kouznetsov, H.Trappmann. Superfunctions and square root of factorial. Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 2010, v.65, No.1, p.6-12
 
</ref>.
  
</ref>.
  +
  +
The relatively low level of corruption in Japanese science allowed to stop at very beginning the project of the thermonuclear plant with laser ignition of targets; as soon, as the fundamental limits of power scaling of the [[thin disk laser]]s had been revealed <ref>
  +
http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2009optmat.pdf
  +
Dmitrii Kouznetsov*, Jean-Francßois Bisson, Kenichi Ueda. Scaling laws of disk lasers. Optical Materials 31 (2009) 754–759.
  +
</ref><ref>
  +
http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007josacap.pdf
  +
Dmitrii Kouznetsov*and Jean-François Bisson. Role of undoped cap in the scalingof thin-disk lasers.
  +
J.Opt. Soc. Am. B/Vol. 25, No. 3/March 2008.
  +
</ref><ref>
  +
http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2008rlp717414.pdf
  +
Dmitrii Kouznetsov. Storage of Energy in Disk-Shaped Laser Materials.
  +
Research Letters in Physics Volume 2008, Article ID 717414.
  +
</ref><ref>
  +
http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007josacap.pdf
  +
Dmitrii Kouznetsov*and Jean-François Bisson.
  +
Role of undoped cap in the scalingof thin-disk lasers.
  +
J. Opt. Soc. Am. B/Vol. 25, No. 3/March 2008.
  +
</ref>. <br>
  +
The American analogy [[NIF]] and the French analogy [[Megajoule Laser]] had been realized, but did not reach the positive efficiency.
  +
<br>
  +
The barbarian attack on side Mizugadro (2013.02.27,17:30 JST) seems to be sponsored from [[Russia]] administration and seem to provide good foundation for the Japanese science (See [[Tori attacked]]).
   
 
Japan developes the pretentious cosmic program by [[JAXA]] ( Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)
  
Japan developes the pretentious cosmic program by [[JAXA]] ( Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency)
Line 96: Line 126:
   
 
==Fukushima disaster==
  
==Fukushima disaster==
  +
<div style="float:left;width:0px">
⚫
[[File:AJ2011111217322M.jpg|140px|left|thumb|Contamination for 2011.11.12 by
  
  +
<div style="float:right;width:174px">
  +
[[File:AJ2011111217322M.jpg|150px]]<small><p style="line-height:14px">
  ⚫
Contamination for 2011.11.12 by
 
<ref>
  
<ref>
 
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/0311disaster/fukushima/AJ2011111217258 Radioactive cesium spread as far as Gunma-Nagano border. November 12, 2011.
  
http://ajw.asahi.com/article/0311disaster/fukushima/AJ2011111217258 Radioactive cesium spread as far as Gunma-Nagano border. November 12, 2011.
−
November 12, 2011</ref>]]
 +
November 12, 2011</ref></p></small>
  +
</div></div>
  +
 
The image of Japan as top of science and technology dropped in 2011, after the [[Fukushima disaster]], it is considered as man-made disaster
  
The image of Japan as top of science and technology dropped in 2011, after the [[Fukushima disaster]], it is considered as man-made disaster
 
<ref>
  
<ref>
Line 120: Line 155:
 
</ref>.
 
</ref>.
 
Many Japanese think that Japan should not use the nuclear energy at all.
  
Many Japanese think that Japan should not use the nuclear energy at all.
  +
  +
Since year 2016, many nuclear plants at Japan work again. The financial expenses due to the catastrophe had exhaused the budget; there is no money for maintaining of roads in mounts, see "[[2020.11.25.Mizusawa]]", "[[2020.11.29.Hayatokawa]]".
   
 
==Relations with other countries==
  
==Relations with other countries==
  +
<div style="float:left;width:0px">
⚫
[[File:FlagVladi38382.jpg|140px|right|thumb|Rally in Vladivostok 2008.12.20<!-- Citizen disprove the economical war of the Russian government, waving the Japan's flag !-->
  
  +
<div style="float:right;width:174px">
  +
[[File:FlagVladi38382.jpg|150px]]<small><p style="line-height:14px">
  ⚫
Rally in Vladivostok 2008.12.20<!-- Citizen disprove the economical war of the Russian government, waving the Japan's flag !-->
 
<ref name="vladiautho">
  
<ref name="vladiautho">
 
http://primamedia.ru/news/20.12.2008-87784
  
http://primamedia.ru/news/20.12.2008-87784
 
2008 20 декабря, PrimaMedia. На центральной площади Владивостока прошла несанкционированная акция протеста против повышения пошлин на иномарки. В ней приняли участие около 500 человек.
  
2008 20 декабря, PrimaMedia. На центральной площади Владивостока прошла несанкционированная акция протеста против повышения пошлин на иномарки. В ней приняли участие около 500 человек.
−
</ref>]]
 +
</ref></p></small>
  +
</div></div>
   
 
Instruments, devices, cars and other machines made in Japan are respected in all countries.
  
Instruments, devices, cars and other machines made in Japan are respected in all countries.
Line 144: Line 185:
   
 
==Gallery==
  
==Gallery==
  +
<p style="margin-left:-175px;margin-right:-24px; text-align:center">
⚫
[[File:Verner1606894845.jpg|200px]]
  
  +
[[File:Macarthur hirohito.jpg|160px]]
  +
[[File:KozoSkechiBook08.jpeg|280px]]
  +
[[File:KozoShurch1.jpeg|180px]]
  +
[[File:Reacheratuka.jpg|180px]]
  +
[[File:FujiFlag01975.JPG|160px]]
  +
[[File:FujiDrawSun.jpeg|260px]]
  +
[[File:04376fuji.jpg|280px]]
  +
[[File:DSCF0710shoko0.jpg|280px]]
  +
[[File:GlidingAtFuji.jpg|280px]]
  +
[[File:GliderAtKurumayamaAndRoyalHill.jpg|340px]]
  +
[[File:NoNukes1.jpg|280px]]
  +
[[File:MinamisomaRadiation2.jpg|280px]]
  ⚫
[[File:Verner1606894845.jpg|150px]]
  +
</p>
   
 
==References==
  
==References==

Revision as of 13:37, 5 December 2020

Japan2459014.6416.jpg

Japan.gif Map of Japan by CZ[1]

Japan ( 日本 , にほん)　is country in the Pacific Ocean, near the East side of Asia, characterized with high level of culture, science and technology.

Geography

Japan consists of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu and many nearby island of smaller size.

The Northern territories, or the Kuril Islands (Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, Urupu, Habomai) occupied by the Soviet troops in 1945 are under control of the Russian government, which claim that these islands are occupied by the Soviet Union (USSR) troops during the World War II and remain under control of the Russian military forces after the decay of the USSR. Among these islands, the following islands are claimed for Japan by the Japan representatives: Etorofu, Kunashiri, Shikotan, Habomai.

Language and culture of Japan

Flag of Japan

Since many centuries ago, the flag of Japan remains symbol of the Japanese language and the Japanese culture. The flag is dence–red circle at the white rectangle.

The Japanese language has three writing systems, one hierogliphic (kanji) and two phonetic (hiragana and Katakana). For some subset of the worlds and expressions, the bijective relation between the kanji representation of words and the hiragana representation can be established.

Katakana is used mainly for the easy–to–pronounce versions of the foreign words; the transform includes additional vowels that bring the foreign word to the phonetic rules of Japanese.

The Japanese phonetics consists of sounds, similar to those of the European languages. The main difference is that two consonants in row are prohibited, the only exception is sound "n" that may follow a consonant. In the similar way, no word may terminate by a consonant if this consonant is not "n".

In Japanese, there is no difference between sounds "L" an "R", they are considered to be the same sound. For example, words "glass" and "grass", being transliterated to Japanese, sound "グラス" (some intermediate between "gulasu" and "gurasu") and cannot be distinguished.

Japanese language is not sexual. Neither non–living objects, not abstract mathematical constructions have gender. Even in the cases of humans, the pronoun ”ひと”　(in English sounds like hito), that has closest English equivalent "somebody", by itself is neutral. If any need to specify the gender, one says おんなの　ひと or　おとこの　ひと, in the similar way, as in English, for example, the "pussy-cat" and "tom–car" are used. In such a way, English seems to provide more opportunities for the equal rights of men and women, than such languages as English, Spanish, French, Russian and many others do.

In most of cases, Japanese words are invariant with respect to variation from singular to plural. However, some tricks appear at counting of living objects

いっぴき (one examplair of some living creature)
に　ひき (two examplairs of some living creature)
さん　びき (three examplairs of some living creature)

and so on.

The culture of Japan allows the nation to avoid big conflicts at least since the World War 2. Such a culture seems to be somehow related with the language, although there are some intents to "translate" the culture to other languages, installing the Japanese factories in other countries.

Political design of Japan

600px-Imperial Seal of Japan.svg.png Imperial seal of Japan

During centuries, Japan remains monarchy, although, since century 20, the role of the Emperor (Tenno) does not seem to be dominant in the national and foreign politics of Japan.

In particular, at the Fukushima disaster, Tenno Akihito did not have sufficient power to force the authorities to release the map of contamination [2]. Many meteorological stations in Japan have the Geiger counters and could provide at least qualitative results; the immediate releases of such an information would allow the farmers in the contaminated area to sell the cattle to the meat factories, to withdraw the pre–mature harvest and to evacuate children before they get the detectable dose. The bureaucratic obstacles caused the delay of three month; only in 2011 June the detailed map of contamination appeared at http://www.nnistar.com/gmap/fukushima.html .

The most important solutions in Japan are elaborated by the Diet that realizes the legislative power.

Top of science and technology

Researchers from other countries come to Japan, considering it as the world's top of technology [4] and science.

The first in the world fiber disk lasers [5], the first in the world microchip atom traps [3] and the ridged atomic mirrors were made and described in Japan [6]. Also, the holomorphic extension of tetration is done in Japan [7]; the problem of evaluation of the square root of factorial (Half-iteration of factorial, id est, such function \(f\) that \(f(f(x))=x!\)) also have been solved in Japan [8].

The relatively low level of corruption in Japanese science allowed to stop at very beginning the project of the thermonuclear plant with laser ignition of targets; as soon, as the fundamental limits of power scaling of the thin disk lasers had been revealed [9][10][11][12].
The American analogy NIF and the French analogy Megajoule Laser had been realized, but did not reach the positive efficiency.
The barbarian attack on side Mizugadro (2013.02.27,17:30 JST) seems to be sponsored from Russia administration and seem to provide good foundation for the Japanese science (See Tori attacked).

Japan developes the pretentious cosmic program by JAXA ( Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency) [13].

Fukushima disaster

AJ2011111217322M.jpg

Contamination for 2011.11.12 by [14]

The image of Japan as top of science and technology dropped in 2011, after the Fukushima disaster, it is considered as man-made disaster [15]. Since 2012 October, the English version of the official report on that catastrophe is available [16]. One thinks that the main cause was not an insufficient level of technology, but poor regulation of the administration. The sabotage of the dosimetric groups and inability to deliver the information about the contamination in time is strong argument in favor of such point of view.

After the Fukushima disaster in 2011, the prime minister Kan Naoto bad to resign, and the new prime minister Yoshihiko Noda meets protesters who disprove the restart of the nuclear plants that had been shut down in 2012 and then restarted [17]. Many Japanese think that Japan should not use the nuclear energy at all.

Since year 2016, many nuclear plants at Japan work again. The financial expenses due to the catastrophe had exhaused the budget; there is no money for maintaining of roads in mounts, see "2020.11.25.Mizusawa", "2020.11.29.Hayatokawa".

Relations with other countries

FlagVladi38382.jpg

Rally in Vladivostok 2008.12.20 [18]

Instruments, devices, cars and other machines made in Japan are respected in all countries.

The quality of the Japanese cars is so high, that some of the nearby countries set the prohibiting custom tax for the cars imported from Japan, in order to give any chances to their national industry to sell any national cars. Such economical wars of the Government of Russia against their own people and against the goods from Japan caused the mass protests in Vladivostok in 2008. [18]

The demographic situation in Japan is under discussion. Mikhael Hoffman (The Japan Times) indicates that immigration to Japan is important for the efficient development [19].

Gallery

Macarthur hirohito.jpg KozoSkechiBook08.jpeg KozoShurch1.jpeg Reacheratuka.jpg FujiFlag01975.JPG FujiDrawSun.jpeg 04376fuji.jpg DSCF0710shoko0.jpg GlidingAtFuji.jpg GliderAtKurumayamaAndRoyalHill.jpg NoNukes1.jpg MinamisomaRadiation2.jpg Verner1606894845.jpg

References

  1. ↑ http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/Japan
  2. ↑ Letter to Emperor (Kouznetsov) , 2011 March 16
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 M.Horikoshi, K.Nakagawa. Atom chip based fast production of Bose–Einstein condensate Applied Physics B 82 p.363–366 (2006)
  4. ↑ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iHA7jq8EhcU Uploaded by 6683072 on Jun 30, 2010. Tree cutting in Japanese style.
  5. ↑ http://www.maik.ru/full/lasphys/98/3/lasphys3_98p774full.pdf K.Ueda, A.Liu. Future of High-Power Fiber Lasers. Laser Physics| v.8, p.774–781 (1998)
  6. ↑ http://tori.ils.uec.ac.jp/PAPERS/PhysRevLett_94_013203.pdf H.Oberst, D.Kouznetsov, K.Shimizu, J.Fujita, F.Shimizu. Fresnel diffraction mirror for atomic wave, Phys.Rev.Lett., v.94, 013203 (2005).
  7. ↑ http://www.ams.org/mcom/2009-78-267/S0025-5718-09-02188-7/home.html D.Kouznetsov. Analytic solution of F(z+1)=exp(F(z)) in complex z-plane. Mathematics of Computation, v.78 (2009), 1647-1670.
  8. ↑ http://www.springerlink.com/content/qt31671237421111/fulltext.pdf?page=1 D.Kouznetsov, H.Trappmann. Superfunctions and square root of factorial. Moscow University Physics Bulletin, 2010, v.65, No.1, p.6-12
  9. ↑ http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2009optmat.pdf Dmitrii Kouznetsov*, Jean-Francßois Bisson, Kenichi Ueda. Scaling laws of disk lasers. Optical Materials 31 (2009) 754–759.
  10. ↑ http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007josacap.pdf Dmitrii Kouznetsov*and Jean-François Bisson. Role of undoped cap in the scalingof thin-disk lasers. J.Opt. Soc. Am. B/Vol. 25, No. 3/March 2008.
  11. ↑ http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2008rlp717414.pdf Dmitrii Kouznetsov. Storage of Energy in Disk-Shaped Laser Materials. Research Letters in Physics Volume 2008, Article ID 717414.
  12. ↑ http://mizugadro.mydns.jp/PAPERS/2007josacap.pdf Dmitrii Kouznetsov*and Jean-François Bisson. Role of undoped cap in the scalingof thin-disk lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B/Vol. 25, No. 3/March 2008.
  13. ↑ http://www.jaxa.jp/index_e.html official site of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA.)
  14. ↑ http://ajw.asahi.com/article/0311disaster/fukushima/AJ2011111217258 Radioactive cesium spread as far as Gunma-Nagano border. November 12, 2011. November 12, 2011
  15. ↑ http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/jul/05/fukushima-meltdown-manmade-disaster Justin McCurry. Fukushima reactor meltdown was a man-made disaster, says official report Japanese investigators say tsunami wasn't sole cause of nuclear accident and criticise collusion and poor regulation. Thursday 5 July 2012 10.20 BST
  16. ↑ http://warp.da.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/3856371/naiic.go.jp/en/report/index.html National DIet of Japan Fukushima Nuclear Independent Investigation Commission. Main report. This English translation of the report is a direct translation of the main report. 2012/10/25. NAIIC has verified that at the time the Great East Japan Earthquake occurred, the structure of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant was not capable of withstanding the effects of the earthquake or the tsunami. Nor was the nuclear power plant prepared to respond to a severe accident. In spite of the fact that Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO) and the regulators were aware of the risk from such natural disasters, neither had taken steps to put preventive measures in place. This was the fundamental reason for the accident; it could have been prevented if these matters had been attended to appropriately.
  17. ↑ http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/gallery/2012/jul/02/nuclear-power-proests-japan-pictures Nuclear power protests in Japan - in pictures. Monday 2 July 2012 12.07 BST
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 http://primamedia.ru/news/20.12.2008-87784 2008 20 декабря, PrimaMedia. На центральной площади Владивостока прошла несанкционированная акция протеста против повышения пошлин на иномарки. В ней приняли участие около 500 человек.
  19. ↑ http://www.japantimes.co.jp/text/fl20121021x3.html?fb_ref=article_japantimes MICHAEL HOFFMAN. 'Only immigrants can save Japan'. Sunday, Oct. 21, 2012. Hidenori Sakanaka, the former Justice Ministry bureaucrat and Tokyo Immigration Bureau chief fears the nation is on the brink of collapse, and says "we must welcome 10 million immigrants between now and 2050."

2015.09.16. http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/19/us-japan-security-idUSKCN0RI03120150919 LINDA SIEG. Japan enacts bills easing pacifist constitution's limits on military. Fri Sep 18, 2015 8:39pm EDT.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japan

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gz_XzEMJpYs stanudalov on Jul 2, 2010.

Retrieved from "https://mizugadro.mydns.jp/t/index.php?title=Japan&oldid=35841"