Budapest memorandum

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Ap941.jpg Russian President Boris Yeltsin, left, American President Bill Clinton, Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma, and British Prime Minister John Major, extreme right, sign the Budapest memorandum 1994.12.05 [1]

ZaKrym2014.jpg Award for invasion into Ukraine and annexation of Crimea, 2014.02.20-2014.03.18 [2][3]

Budapest Me.jpg protest 2014.09.08 [4]

Budapest memorandum (Будапештский меморандум) is treaty between Russia, Ukraine, UK and USA about nuclear weapon. According to this memorandum, Ukraine becomes non–nuclear country, while Russia, USA and UK respect the integrity of Ukraine.

The Budapest memorandum had been signed in Budapest 1994.12.05 and broken by Russian troops 2014.02.20 in Ukraine with beginning of the Russian invasion into Ukraine.

The text of Budapest memorandum is copypasted below from Wikisource [5] in order to simplify the referencing.

Historic text

Memorandum on Security Assurances in connection with Ukraine's accession to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons

Budapest, 5 December 1994

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland,

Welcoming the accession of Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons as a non-nuclear-weapon State,

Taking into account the commitment of Ukraine to eliminate all nuclear weapons from its territory within a specified period of time,

Noting the changes in the world-wide security situation, including the end of the Cold War, which have brought about conditions for deep reductions in nuclear forces.

Confirm the following:

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to respect the Independence and Sovereignty and the existing borders of Ukraine.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their obligation to refrain from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of Ukraine, and that none of their weapons will ever be used against Ukraine except in self-defense or otherwise in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to Ukraine, in accordance with the principles of the CSCE Final Act, to refrain from economic coercion designed to subordinate to their own interest the exercise by Ukraine of the rights inherent in its sovereignty and thus to secure advantages of any kind.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm their commitment to seek immediate United Nations Security Council action to provide assistance to Ukraine, as a non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, if Ukraine should become a victim of an act of aggression or an object of a threat of aggression in which nuclear weapons are used.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, reaffirm, in the case of the Ukraine, their commitment not to use nuclear weapons against any non-nuclear-weapon State Party to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, except in the case of an attack on themselves, their territories or dependent territories, their armed forces, or their allies, by such a state in association or alliance with a nuclear weapon state.

The United States of America, the Russian Federation, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland will consult in the event a situation arises which raises a question concerning these commitments.

This Memorandum will become applicable upon signature. Signed in four copies having equal validity in the English, Russian and Ukrainian languages.

Gallery

2017.08.01notShake.jpg BackInTheUSSR.png PutinWorldWar30main.jpg PutiNuk.jpg SmA0945 0.jpg 107253 original.jpg EWHjlP3WkAA50 3.jpeg

Historic context

The Budapest memorandum seems to work until the Rissian invasion into Ukraine and annexation of Crimea by the Russian troops.
Since 2014.02.20, the Budapest memorandum is kept in the unilateral way: the officials of Russia, the USA and the UK seem to forget about it, as sell as about the agreement between Russia and Ukraine about the border, see "1997.05.31.Договор" and "1999 постановление о государственной границе". Since that the surrogates of those agreements, know as Minsk Protocol [6] and its sequences are discussed.

Some authors claim, that, within a year since the [[Budapest memorandum,] is broken, Ukrainian military forces had been recovered their nuclear potential [7].

2017.05.10, Yuri Rybchinski (Юрий Рыбчинский) indicates, that Ukraine should recover the nuclear status since the Budapest memorandum is broken. [8].

2017.06.28, Vyacheslav Nikonov (Никонов Вячеслав Алексеевич) indicates that Russia may use the nuclear weapon against Ukraine, if troops of NATO enter the Eastern Ukraine [9].

Since year 2022, the representatives of the USA and the UK look at the concentration of Russian troops near the border with Ukraine; the need to help Ukraine to deter the Russian aggression is recognized. [10]

Warning

References about the Budapest memorandum are collected in TORI with scientific goals.

The destruction of the aggressors, ihtamnets, occupants and their bosses does not belong to the set of these goals.

In particular, the evidence, collected in the cited literature, should not be interpreted as an appeal to the compete destruction of the aggressor using a high energy weapon.
The moral and religious aspects of use of a non-selective weapon against the fascistic country are considered in article I bombed Dresden.
More civilized methods to deal with the state terror are considered in articles Hague and Nuremberg-2.
Estimates, when such "civilized" methods can be used to return to conditions of the Budapest memorandum are collected in articles "Collapse of RF" and Kestus.

References

  1. ↑ https://www.belfercenter.org/event/ukraines-nuclear-disarmament-25-years-after-budapest-memorandum Ukraine’s Nuclear Disarmament: 25 Years After the Budapest Memorandum. Fri., Dec. 6, 2019 | 8:30am - 5:30pm.
  2. ↑ http://npubop.livejournal.com/2475593.html Если называть вещи своими именами, То сейчас идет война РФ против Украины. 2014-12-17 17:56:00.
  3. ↑ http://www.profi-forex.org/novosti-rossii/entry1008208512.html Эксперты назвали 12 фактов, как медаль "За возвращение Крыма" подставила РФ (7). 21 апреля 2014 г. 18:38.
  4. ↑ https://www.facebook.com/stopputinsaggression/photos/a.612763438803433.1073741828.612740355472408/700599566686486/?type=1&theater Stop Putin's Aggression. 2014.09.08.
  5. ↑ http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Ukraine._Memorandum_on_Security_Assurances
  6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minsk_Protocol The Minsk Protocol is an agreement which sought to end war in the Donbas region of Ukraine. It was written in 2014 by the Trilateral Contact Group on Ukraine, consisting of Ukraine, the Russian Federation, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE),.. with mediation by the leaders of France and Germany in the so-called Normandy Format.
  7. ↑ http://onpress.info/v-dnr-zayavili-chto-ukraina-vosstanovila-svoj-yadernyj-potentsial-foto-22342 В «ДНР» заявили, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал. 9.02.2015. Сторонники террористической организации «ДНР» и «ЛНР» утверждают, что Украина восстановила свой ядерный потенциал..
  8. ↑ http://gordonua.com/news/politics/yuriy-rybchinskiy-nas-obmanuli-znachit-my-imeem-pravo-vernut-yadernoe-oruzhie-187487.html Юрий Рыбчинский: Нас обманули, значит, мы имеем право вернуть ядерное оружие. 10 мая, 2017 17.01. Украина должна восстановить свой ядерный статус после того, как был нарушен Будапештский меморандум. Такое мнение высказал украинский поэт Юрий Рыбчинский.
  9. ↑ http://www.defenseone.com/threats/2017/05/russian-lawmaker-we-would-use-nukes-if-us-or-nato-enters-crimea/138230/ Patrick Tucker. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked. May 28, 2017. The Western alliance’s troop buildup in Eastern Europe has Moscow spooked.// BRATISLAVA, Slovakia — Russia would be forced to use nuclear weapons in any conflict in which U.S. or NATO forces entered eastern Ukraine, a member of Russia’s parliament told an international gathering of government security officials on Sunday.// “On the issue of NATO expansion on our borders, at some point I heard from the Russian military — and I think they are right — If U.S. forces, NATO forces, are, were, in the Crimea, in eastern Ukraine, Russia is undefendable militarily in case of conflict without using nuclear weapons in the early stage of the conflict,” Russian parliamentarian Vyacheslav Alekseyevich Nikonov told attendees at the GLOBSEC 2017 forum in Bratislava, Slovakia.
  10. ↑ https://edition.cnn.com/2022/01/22/politics/russia-ukraine-us-what-matters/index.html Zach Wolf. Why Russia's Ukraine aggression matters to Americans. Analysis by Zachary B. Wolf, CNN Updated 1258 GMT (2058 HKT) January 22, 2022.

2014.04.15. http://news.err.ee/v/politics/4133bae8-8afe-4d57-9a99-6f41c969911c 4/15/2014 2:00 PM. US Senator John McCain visited Tallinn as part of a tour of Baltic nations, Norway and Moldova, and was interviewed by ETV's "Välisilm" program on Monday. .. We should support Ukraine as Ukraine and the USA are related with the Budapest memorandum.."

2016.04.28, the project of special bill in support of Ukraine is suggested in the USA: https://democrats-foreignaffairs.house.gov/sites/democrats.foreignaffairs.house.gov/files/H.R.%205094.pdf https://www.govtrack.us/congress/bills/114/hr5094/text 114th CONGRESS// 2d Session// H. R. 5094// IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES// April 28, 2016 Mr. Engel (for himself, Mr. Kinzinger of Illinois, Mr. Levin, Mr. Fitzpatrick, Ms. Kaptur, Mr. Abraham, Mr. Costa, Mr. Weber of Texas, Mr. Deutch, Mr. Pompeo, Mr. Cicilline, Mr. Shimkus, Mr. Keating, Mr. Bilirakis, Mr. Cohen, and Mr. Ribble) introduced the following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committees on Financial Services, the Judiciary, and Ways and Means, for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned// A BILL // To contain, reverse, and deter Russian aggression in Ukraine, to assist Ukraine’s democratic transition, and for other purposes. .. (a)Short title // This Act may be cited as the Stability and Democracy for Ukraine Act or STAND for Ukraine Act.

2016.10.06 https://www.gutenberg.org/files/236/236-h/236-h.htm#link2H_4_0001 Rudyard Kipling. THE JUNGLE BOOK. Release Date: January 16, 2006 [EBook #236] Last Updated: October 6, 2016. .. Akela lifted his head again and said, “He has eaten our food. He has slept with us. He has driven game for us. He has broken no word of the Law of the Jungle.”// “Also, I paid for him with a bull when he was accepted. The worth of a bull is little, but Bagheera’s honor is something that he will perhaps fight for,” said Bagheera in his gentlest voice.// “A bull paid ten years ago!” the Pack snarled. “What do we care for bones ten years old?”// “Or for a pledge?” said Bagheera, his white teeth bared under his lip. ..

2024.02.21. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZHCERPUSdZI РФ підірвали слова ГОНЧАРЕНКА! Скабеєва боїться ЯДЕРКИ по Москві, Блінкен побачив у чому промах США. Телеканал Прямий.

Keywords

Annexation of Crimea, Collapse of RF, Designate Russia as state sponsor of terrorism Fascism, I bombed Dresden, Putin world war, Russia Russian invasion into Ukraine Stop Putin

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